怀疑有神论与道德怀疑主义问题

John M. DePoe
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引用次数: 0

摘要

对怀疑有神论的一个反对意见是,它暗示了激进的道德怀疑主义。人类无法对这种观点做出任何道德判断,因为他们对不可接近的神性知识一无所知,而神性知识被要求解释显然是无端的邪恶的存在。在回答这一反对意见时,我建议怀疑论有神论者采取两个重要步骤。首先,怀疑有神论者应该是积极的怀疑有神论者(上帝的存在肯定意味着无端邪恶的出现),而不是消极的怀疑有神论者(鉴于有神论,无端邪恶的出现在概率上是不可思议的)。第二,怀疑有神论者可以肯定一种神性超越性的模式,即未知的神性道德知识与人类道德知识是连续的。我认为,这两项举措有助于将怀疑有神论从激进道德怀疑主义的指责中拯救出来。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Skeptical Theism and the Problem of Moral Skepticism
One objection to skeptical theism is that it implies radical moral skepticism. Humans cannot make any moral judgments on this view because of their ignorance of the inaccessible divine knowledge that is called upon to explain the existence of apparently gratuitous evil. In answering this objection, I propose two important moves for skeptical theists. First, skeptical theists should be positive skeptical theists (the existence of God positively implies the appearance of gratuitous evil), rather than negative skeptical theists (the appearance of gratuitous evil is probabilistically inscrutable given theism). Second, the skeptical theist can affirm a model of divine transcendence whereby the unknown divine moral knowledge is continuous with human moral knowledge. These two moves, I contend, assist in saving skeptical theism from accusations of radical moral skepticism.
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