电解和湿法冶金铜生产中复杂有害因素的职业健康问题和呼吸毒性

S. R. Guselnikov, O. Gogoleva, G. Lipatov, E. G. Plotko, V. I. Adrianovsky, A. A. Samylkin, E. E. Shmakova, Yu. N. Naritsyna, I. A. Ryzhkova, Yu.N. Nefedova
{"title":"电解和湿法冶金铜生产中复杂有害因素的职业健康问题和呼吸毒性","authors":"S. R. Guselnikov, O. Gogoleva, G. Lipatov, E. G. Plotko, V. I. Adrianovsky, A. A. Samylkin, E. E. Shmakova, Yu. N. Naritsyna, I. A. Ryzhkova, Yu.N. Nefedova","doi":"10.52420/2071-5943-2023-22-3-64-73","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In recent decades, there has been a decrease in occupational morbidity at enterprises producing rough and refined copper, in the structure of which, nevertheless, bronchopulmonary pathology retains a leading position.The aim is to study the occupational risk of developing respiratory pathology in workers engaged in obtaining cathode copper by electrolysis and electorowinning methods, based on the study of working conditions of workplaces and clinical observation.Materials and methods. The object of the study were: Uralelectromed, V. Pyshma (UEM); Uralhydromed, Polevskoy (RMK). The subject of the study were 100 employees of the electrolysis shop of UEM – the 1st observation group; 102 people of the auxiliary workshops of UEM – the 2nd observation group; 92 workers of the extraction and electorowinning department of UGM – the 3rd observation group.Results.  During electrolytic refining of copper, the leading harmful factors with respiratory toxicity are sulfuric acid aerosol, selenium dioxide, nickel, arsenic, and during electrovinig – sulfuric acid aerosol. Violations of ventilation function and pulmonary gas exchange were observed in 21.0 % of cases in persons of the 1st and in 15.7% of cases in patients of the 3rd observation group).Discussion. Changes in the function of external respiration (FVD) were established mainly by the obstructive type, namely, an increase in RV, FRC and RV/TLC and a decrease in FEV1, VC, FEV1/VC, FEV25-75 of mild and moderate severity were noted. The bronchodilation test revealed the reversibility of bronchial obstruction in both groups 1 and 3. Obstructive disorders and dynamic hyperventilation of the lungs in copper refining workers are probably a consequence of hyperreactivity of the bronchi in response to the irritating properties of sulfur-containing gases, arsenic and nickel compounds.Conclusion. The results of the study indicate respiratory toxicity of harmful factors in workers of electrolysis and electrovining, which corresponds to a high and average occupational risk of class 3.3 and class 3.2 assessment of working conditions and the results of mandatory periodic medical examinations.","PeriodicalId":247511,"journal":{"name":"Ural Medical Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Occupational health issues and respiratory toxicity of a complex of harmful factors in electrolytic and hydrometallurgical copper production\",\"authors\":\"S. R. Guselnikov, O. Gogoleva, G. Lipatov, E. G. Plotko, V. I. Adrianovsky, A. A. Samylkin, E. E. Shmakova, Yu. N. Naritsyna, I. A. Ryzhkova, Yu.N. Nefedova\",\"doi\":\"10.52420/2071-5943-2023-22-3-64-73\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Introduction. In recent decades, there has been a decrease in occupational morbidity at enterprises producing rough and refined copper, in the structure of which, nevertheless, bronchopulmonary pathology retains a leading position.The aim is to study the occupational risk of developing respiratory pathology in workers engaged in obtaining cathode copper by electrolysis and electorowinning methods, based on the study of working conditions of workplaces and clinical observation.Materials and methods. The object of the study were: Uralelectromed, V. Pyshma (UEM); Uralhydromed, Polevskoy (RMK). The subject of the study were 100 employees of the electrolysis shop of UEM – the 1st observation group; 102 people of the auxiliary workshops of UEM – the 2nd observation group; 92 workers of the extraction and electorowinning department of UGM – the 3rd observation group.Results.  During electrolytic refining of copper, the leading harmful factors with respiratory toxicity are sulfuric acid aerosol, selenium dioxide, nickel, arsenic, and during electrovinig – sulfuric acid aerosol. Violations of ventilation function and pulmonary gas exchange were observed in 21.0 % of cases in persons of the 1st and in 15.7% of cases in patients of the 3rd observation group).Discussion. Changes in the function of external respiration (FVD) were established mainly by the obstructive type, namely, an increase in RV, FRC and RV/TLC and a decrease in FEV1, VC, FEV1/VC, FEV25-75 of mild and moderate severity were noted. The bronchodilation test revealed the reversibility of bronchial obstruction in both groups 1 and 3. Obstructive disorders and dynamic hyperventilation of the lungs in copper refining workers are probably a consequence of hyperreactivity of the bronchi in response to the irritating properties of sulfur-containing gases, arsenic and nickel compounds.Conclusion. The results of the study indicate respiratory toxicity of harmful factors in workers of electrolysis and electrovining, which corresponds to a high and average occupational risk of class 3.3 and class 3.2 assessment of working conditions and the results of mandatory periodic medical examinations.\",\"PeriodicalId\":247511,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Ural Medical Journal\",\"volume\":\"32 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-06-30\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Ural Medical Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.52420/2071-5943-2023-22-3-64-73\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ural Medical Journal","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.52420/2071-5943-2023-22-3-64-73","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

介绍。近几十年来,粗铜和精炼铜生产企业的职业发病率有所下降,但在其结构中,支气管肺病理仍占主导地位。通过对工作场所工作条件的研究和临床观察,探讨电解电解法制备阴极铜作业人员发生呼吸系统疾病的职业风险。材料和方法。研究对象为:Uralelectromed, V. Pyshma (UEM);乌拉尔水化,波兰(RMK)。研究对象为UEM电解车间100名员工,为第一观察组;UEM辅助车间102人-第二观察组;第三观察组:UGM抽采科92名工作人员。在铜电解精炼过程中,具有呼吸毒性的主要有害因素是硫酸气溶胶、二氧化硒、镍、砷和电炼-硫酸气溶胶。第1组患者通气功能和肺气体交换异常占21.0%,第3组患者通气功能和肺气体交换异常占15.7%。外呼吸功能(FVD)的改变主要以梗阻型确定,即RV、FRC、RV/TLC升高,轻、中度FEV1、VC、FEV1/VC、FEV25-75降低。支气管扩张试验显示1组和3组支气管梗阻的可逆性。炼铜工人肺部阻塞性疾病和动态过度通气可能是由于支气管对含硫气体、砷和镍化合物的刺激性反应过度所致。研究结果表明,电解和电镀锌工人存在有害因素的呼吸毒性,这相当于工作条件评估和强制性定期体检结果的3.3类和3.2类较高和平均的职业风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Occupational health issues and respiratory toxicity of a complex of harmful factors in electrolytic and hydrometallurgical copper production
Introduction. In recent decades, there has been a decrease in occupational morbidity at enterprises producing rough and refined copper, in the structure of which, nevertheless, bronchopulmonary pathology retains a leading position.The aim is to study the occupational risk of developing respiratory pathology in workers engaged in obtaining cathode copper by electrolysis and electorowinning methods, based on the study of working conditions of workplaces and clinical observation.Materials and methods. The object of the study were: Uralelectromed, V. Pyshma (UEM); Uralhydromed, Polevskoy (RMK). The subject of the study were 100 employees of the electrolysis shop of UEM – the 1st observation group; 102 people of the auxiliary workshops of UEM – the 2nd observation group; 92 workers of the extraction and electorowinning department of UGM – the 3rd observation group.Results.  During electrolytic refining of copper, the leading harmful factors with respiratory toxicity are sulfuric acid aerosol, selenium dioxide, nickel, arsenic, and during electrovinig – sulfuric acid aerosol. Violations of ventilation function and pulmonary gas exchange were observed in 21.0 % of cases in persons of the 1st and in 15.7% of cases in patients of the 3rd observation group).Discussion. Changes in the function of external respiration (FVD) were established mainly by the obstructive type, namely, an increase in RV, FRC and RV/TLC and a decrease in FEV1, VC, FEV1/VC, FEV25-75 of mild and moderate severity were noted. The bronchodilation test revealed the reversibility of bronchial obstruction in both groups 1 and 3. Obstructive disorders and dynamic hyperventilation of the lungs in copper refining workers are probably a consequence of hyperreactivity of the bronchi in response to the irritating properties of sulfur-containing gases, arsenic and nickel compounds.Conclusion. The results of the study indicate respiratory toxicity of harmful factors in workers of electrolysis and electrovining, which corresponds to a high and average occupational risk of class 3.3 and class 3.2 assessment of working conditions and the results of mandatory periodic medical examinations.
求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信