现代后资本主义与三种经济学说的辩证法

S. Tolkachev, A.I. Avdeeva
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摘要

本文试图以现代资本主义危机的材料和后资本主义的形成轮廓来展示马克思关于三种经济形式的辩证学说的发展。流行起来的三种经济形态的理论概念,是马克思早期以个体依赖于社会的形式、以物质依赖为基础的个体独立、以个人普遍发展为基础的自由个性的发展类型学的形式提出的。随后,国内政治经济学方法论学派将这三种形态的内容转化为原始的生产关系学说,它与基本生产关系一起构成了每一种社会经济形态的两部分标识符。揭示了向各种经济形式转型的动力和内在矛盾。强调了现代后资本主义社会以生产计划化和社会化的形式“消解”个人与社会发展任务之间矛盾的本质表现形式,形成了一种新的后资本主义的初始生产关系——“人在精神依赖社会的基础上的个人依赖”。通过对三种经济形态学说和经济学理论的比较,提出了一个合理的结论:在非社会内部,个人与社会矛盾的实际解决而不是“消除”是可能的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Modern post-capitalism and the dialectic of the three forms of economy doctrine
The article attempts to show the development of K. Marx’s dialectical doctrine of the three forms of economy on the materials of the modern crisis of capitalism and the post-capitalist formation outlines. The theoretical concept of three forms of economy, which became popular, was proposed by early Marx in the form of a typology of the development individuality dependence from society in the forms of personal dependence, personal independence based on material dependence, and finally, free individuality based on the universal development of individuals. Subsequently, the domestic school of political economy methodology transformed the content of the three forms into the original production relation doctrine, which together with the basic production relation forms the two-part identifier of each socio-economic formation. The driving forces and internal contradictions of the transition to each form of economy are shown. The essence manifestations of the form of “removal” of the contradiction between the tasks of development of the individual and society in the modern postcapitalist society in the form of planning and socialization of production, which form a new initial productive relation of postcapitalism – “the personal dependence of man on the basis of the mental dependence on society” are highlighted. On the basis of the comparison of the doctrine of the three forms of economy and the theory of noonomics, a reasonable conclusion is presented that the actual resolution, rather than the “removal” of the contradiction between the individual and society is possible within noo-society.
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