Negotiating Modernity

The chapter explores in detail the activities of the reform movement. The first important task was the reform of Muslim education. Other initiatives included evening literacy and vocational training classes. The kıraathanes (reading rooms) were among the most important institutions linked to the reform movement; they were promoted as sites of new sociability. The chapter looks at the Muslims’ efforts to organize theater performances, and particularly, at the reception of the works of Namık Kemal. It explores the ideas about the role of women and the family. The convening of the Muslim Teachers’ Congresses and the establishment of the Muslim Teachers’ Association were among the major reform achievements. At the same time, it provides an insight into the critical reactions of some of the local Muslims.