Ľudmila Benčatová, Beatrix Bujáková
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摘要

如果幼儿园、小学或中学的老师发现他们的学生需要特殊的教学需求,这可能会导致整合——有特殊需求的学生被整合到普通班级。我们应该记住,在特殊需要儿童中心工作的专家进行一些诊断后,整合是可能的。在我们的报告中,我们处理的是上小学斯洛伐克语课的综合学生。我们着重于听写、语法练习、交流、扩大词汇量和阅读。根据我们最近进行的研究,我们声称与综合学生一起工作是要求很高的,但每一个小小的进步都会让老师、学生和家长微笑,每一小步的进步都意味着满意和满足。我们敢说,每一位老师的目标都是让融合的学生在课堂上感觉良好,消除每一个欺凌的迹象,公平地评估他们的工作。评估很重要,因为他们也需要接受对他们工作的批评意见。除了个人的方法,重要的是选择这样的教学方法,支持学生之间的合作。不仅可以使用对话方法,还可以使用小组工作,因为在这种组织形式中,学生可以非暴力地融入他们的同学,他或她可以从他们的同学那里学习,没有人阻止他或她表达自己的意见。对于综合型学生来说,将表扬作为一种教学方法是非常重要的。在全班同学面前,表扬肯定会让每一个正直的学生感到高兴。更重要的是,赞美无疑具有广泛的激励力量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
PRÁCA S INTEGROVANÝMI ŽIAKMI NA HODINE SLOVENČINY
If a teacher at kindergarten, elementary or secondary school finds out that their student requ-ires special teaching needs, it may result in integration – a student with special needs gets integrated into a regular class. We should keep in mind that integration is possible after some diagnoses carried out by experts working in centers for children with special needs. In our contribution we are dealing with integrated students in Slovak lessons attending elementary school. We have focused on dictation, grammar exercises, communication, expanding vocabulary and reading. According to the research we have recently carried out we claim that working with integrated students is demanding, but every little progress makes teachers, students and parents smile and every small step toward progress means satisfaction and conten-tment. We dare to claim that every teacher´s goal is to make integrated students feel good in the lesson as well as to eliminate every sign of bullying and to assess their work fairly. As-sessment is important because they also need to accept critical view on their work. Besides individual approach it is important to choose such teaching methods which support coopera-tion between students. Not only dialogical methods might be used but also group work, because within this organizational form the student is non-violently integrated into their classmates and he or she could learn from their classmates and nobody discourages him or her from expressing their opinion. In relation to integrated students it is highly important to use praise as a teaching method. Praise certainly pleases every integrated students in front of the whole class. What is more, praise undoubtedly has widespread motivational power.
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