Implementing tensor Huygens surfaces for polarization control using rotated loops and dipoles

A Huygens surface consists of an array of orthogonal electric and magnetic dipoles described by a scalar electric and magnetic surface impedance. In this work we extend this concept to a surface described by a tensorial electric and magnetic surface impedance, referred to as a tensor Huygens surface. This tensor Huygens surface is now capable of supporting both TE and TM waves for polarization control. Because of this we can model the transmission and reflection of waves through the surface using a four-port S-parameter model. We show an example design of a tensor Huygens surface consisting of rotated loops and dipoles. This design takes a TE-polarized wave and converts it into a circularly polarized wave.