A simple and efficient approach for coarse segmentation of Moroccan coastal upwelling

In this work, we aim to develop a simple and fast algorithm using conventional methods in images segmentation for the automatic detection and extraction of upwelling areas, in the coastal region of Morocco, from the sea surface temperature (SST) satellite images. Our approach is based on the evaluation and comparison between two unsupervised classification methods, Otsu and Fuzzy C-means, and explores the applicability of these methods to our classification problem. The latter consists in coarse detection of the main thermal front that separates coastal cold upwelling waters from the remaining ocean waters. The algorithm has been applied and validated by an oceanographer over a database of 66 SST images corresponding to southern Moroccan coastal upwelling of the years 2004, 2005, 2007 and 2009. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm revealed is promising and reliable on different upwelling scenarios and for a wide variety of oceanographic conditions.