Multicomponent Equiatomic Lead Strontium Calcium Titanate (Pb Sr Ca)TiO 3 Prepared by Reverse Co-Precipitation

A multicomponent equiatomic perovskite - lead strontium calcium titanate (PSCT) was synthesized by reverse co-precipitation with different concentrations of de-ionized (DI) water and ethylene glycol (EG) as a solvent. Structural and optical properties were examined and the phases present in the obtained powder were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The size and morphology were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was done to confirm near-equimolarity and homogenous distribution of the elements. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) was carried out to determine the phase changes in the sample. The effect of different proportions of solvent on the calcining temperature and time was studied. Characterisation of the bonds by vibrational analysis was carried out using Fourier - transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. The indirect bandgap of the sample was determined by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) to be 2.67 eV while the direct bandgap was 2.82 eV.