基于改进制动距离估计的非线性悬架系统建模

Jia Sheng Yang, T. Fwa, G. Ong
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摘要

在公路几何设计中,车辆制动距离是一个重要的安全考虑因素。制动距离通常是根据车辆的车轮载荷和假定的轮胎-路面摩擦来估计的。利用经典的车辆动力学仿真模型,将轮胎刚度简化为线性弹性函数,是估计轮胎-路面摩擦和预测制动距离的主要方法。在分析非线性车辆动力学与路面粗糙度的相互作用对车辆制动距离的影响时,没有考虑路面粗糙度对车辆制动距离的影响。路面粗糙度引起的车辆振动对制动距离的影响是本文研究的课题。提出了一种将轮胎刚度作为非线性弹性函数进行车辆动力学分析的非线性车辆动力学仿真模型。该模型是在MATLAB11.0中实现的。通过一个假设的例子说明了线性和非线性轮胎刚度模型在湿路面上计算制动距离时可能存在的差异。虽然所提出的模型仅考虑了非线性轮胎刚度,但相当简化,并且需要更精细的仿真模型来详细检查考虑非线性车辆动力学的实际影响,但该示例确实表明,为了可靠地预测公路上的车辆制动距离,考虑路面粗糙度的影响,需要进一步研究车辆动力学仿真的必要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
MODELING NONLINEAR SUSPENSION SYSTEM FOR IMPROVED BRAKING DISTANCE ESTIMATION
Braking distance of a vehicle is an important safety consideration in highway geometric design. Braking distances have been commonly estimated based on vehicle wheel loads and assumed tire- pavement friction. The use of classic vehicle dynamics simulation model, which simplifies tire stiffness as linear elastic function, is a main approach to estimate tire-pavement friction and predict braking distances. The interaction of nonlinear vehicle dynamics with pavement surface roughness has not been considered in analyzing its impact on vehicle braking distance. The impact of pavement roughness induced vehicle vibration on braking distance is the topic of interest in this paper. A nonlinear vehicle dynamics simulation model is proposed where tire stiffness is considered as a nonlinear elastic function in the analysis of vehicle dynamics. The model is implemented in MATLAB11.0. A hypothetical example is given to illustrate the possible difference between models with linear and nonlinear tire stiffness in calculating braking distance on a wet pavement. Although the model presented is rather simplified considering only nonlinear tire stiffness, and a more elaborate simulation model is required to examine in detail the actual impact of considering nonlinear vehicle dynamics, the example does show that further study is necessary to examine the need for vehicle dynamics simulation in order to reliably predict vehicle braking distances on highways, taking into account the effect of pavement roughness.
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