Automatic Generation Control Under Single Time-Delay Attack

The challenges in cyber-security of the smart grid are rapidly escalating nowadays to impact the grid’s robustness and reliability. Time-Delay Attack (TDA) is one of the most common types of cyber-attack. We investigate the potential impact of TDA on Automatic Generation Control (AGC). We solve the Lyapunov-like matrix equation to show the minimum delay the attacker needs to inject to destabilize the AGC, providing a critical time-delay margin for the single TDA. The algorithm is validated in a four-area system, and the numeric results are illustrated.