春季植被恢复期冬豌豆的氮肥饲喂

S. Burykina, L. Serhieiev, I. Kohut, V.O. Sharii
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摘要

通过2020-2023年在乌克兰敖德萨地区南部黑钙土上的田间试验,研究了冬季豌豆种植过程中施用矿质氮的剂量和时间对其块茎化过程和作物生产力的影响。在苗床栽培下,以硝酸铵的形式施用30、45和60 kg/ha的矿质氮,分别施用于冬豌豆的不同发育阶段:春季植被恢复期、出芽期和灌浆期的叶面追肥尿素溶液。Enduro品种冬豆每年10月20日播种,行距15cm,每公顷发芽率120万粒。以前的作物是冬小麦。首次展示了乌克兰南部草原冬季播种豌豆的条件。播种期间以30 ~ 60 kg/ha的速率向土壤中施用矿质氮,可抑制春季生长期根瘤的形成。与对照品种相比,未施氮的豌豆根瘤质量下降了30 ~ 50%。在早春植被恢复期间,以水溶液形式在叶片上引入相同规范的矿物氮,对结核没有负面影响。矿质氮剂量与结核数量、重量的相关系数不超过0.37,表明矿质氮剂量与结核数量、重量的相关系数较弱。矿质氮规范的影响份额不超过13.7%。施氮量比对照高18-27%。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
NITROGEN FEEDING OF WINTER PEAS AT THE SPRING VEGETATION RE-COVERY STAGE
In a field experiment from 2020–2023 on the southern chernozems of the Odessa region of Ukraine, we studied the effect of the doses and timing of mineral nitrogen application when growing winter peas on the tuberization process and crop productivity. Mineral nitrogen in doses of 30, 45 and 60 kg/ha in the form of ammonium nitrate was applied in different development phases of winter peas under seedbed cultivation: foliar top dressing with urea solutions during the resumption of spring vegetation, the budding phase and the beginning of grain filling. Winter pea of the Enduro variety was sown annually on October 20, with a row spacing of 15 cm and a rate of 1.2 million germinating seeds per hectare. The previous crop was winter wheat. The conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine for winter sown peas were shown for the first time. The introduction of mineral nitrogen at a rate of 30–60 kg/ha into the soil during sowing inhibited the formation of nodules from the active spring growth phase. The mass of nodules on the roots of pea plants decreased by 30–50% compared to the control variant without nitrogen application. The same norms of mineral nitrogen introduced in early spring during the resumption of vegetation on the leaf in the form of aqueous solutions did not have a negative impact on tuberization. The correlation coefficient between the dose of mineral nitrogen and the number and weight of nodules did not exceed 0.37, indicating a weak relationship between these indicators. The share of influence of mineral nitrogen norms did not exceed 13.7%. With this method of application, the nitrogen content in the vegetative mass of winter peas exceeded the control variant by 18–27%.
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