{"title":"衡量幸福","authors":"M. Adler","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190643027.003.0003","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the well-being measure: a key component of the social welfare function (SWF) framework. This measure, w(·), assigns well-being numbers to individuals in outcomes so as to reflect admissible well-being comparisons (of well-being levels and/or well-being differences). In order for the SWF framework to function, these admissible comparisons must include interpersonal as well as intrapersonal comparisons; the chapter explains why. It then shows how von Neumann/Morgenstern (vNM) utility functions can be used to construct an interpersonally comparable well-being measure that respects individual preferences. A different preference-based well-being measure, the equivalent-income measure, is also reviewed. Although the preference view of well-being is dominant in the SWF literature, w(·) may instead be based upon a non-preference view of well-being, such as an hedonic or objective-good account. The chapter concludes by considering why some economists have been skeptical about interpersonal comparisons.","PeriodicalId":351353,"journal":{"name":"Measuring Social Welfare","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Measuring Well-Being\",\"authors\":\"M. Adler\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/oso/9780190643027.003.0003\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"This chapter discusses the well-being measure: a key component of the social welfare function (SWF) framework. This measure, w(·), assigns well-being numbers to individuals in outcomes so as to reflect admissible well-being comparisons (of well-being levels and/or well-being differences). In order for the SWF framework to function, these admissible comparisons must include interpersonal as well as intrapersonal comparisons; the chapter explains why. It then shows how von Neumann/Morgenstern (vNM) utility functions can be used to construct an interpersonally comparable well-being measure that respects individual preferences. A different preference-based well-being measure, the equivalent-income measure, is also reviewed. Although the preference view of well-being is dominant in the SWF literature, w(·) may instead be based upon a non-preference view of well-being, such as an hedonic or objective-good account. The chapter concludes by considering why some economists have been skeptical about interpersonal comparisons.\",\"PeriodicalId\":351353,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Measuring Social Welfare\",\"volume\":\"49 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2019-11-21\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Measuring Social Welfare\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190643027.003.0003\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Measuring Social Welfare","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190643027.003.0003","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter discusses the well-being measure: a key component of the social welfare function (SWF) framework. This measure, w(·), assigns well-being numbers to individuals in outcomes so as to reflect admissible well-being comparisons (of well-being levels and/or well-being differences). In order for the SWF framework to function, these admissible comparisons must include interpersonal as well as intrapersonal comparisons; the chapter explains why. It then shows how von Neumann/Morgenstern (vNM) utility functions can be used to construct an interpersonally comparable well-being measure that respects individual preferences. A different preference-based well-being measure, the equivalent-income measure, is also reviewed. Although the preference view of well-being is dominant in the SWF literature, w(·) may instead be based upon a non-preference view of well-being, such as an hedonic or objective-good account. The chapter concludes by considering why some economists have been skeptical about interpersonal comparisons.