人为还是生态陷阱:是什么导致了乌克兰西部田鸡皮草种群数量的下降?

The Ring Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI:10.1515/ring-2016-0003
I. Shydlovskyy, Hanna Kuzyo
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引用次数: 3

摘要

生态陷阱和人为陷阱对田凫种群产生了不利影响。我们认为,人为陷阱是生态陷阱的部分或延迟表现。近几十年来,田凫群落与城市景观的联系越来越密切,这对其繁殖成功率和总体密度产生了负面影响。看来,拉普兰已经落入了一个人为的陷阱,这在乌克兰以农业景观为代表。高农业强度、过度放牧、农用地荒芜、河流和湖泊水势变化、全球造林、娱乐活动和旅游业的干扰增加以及食肉哺乳动物分布和数量的增加是造成田鸡种群减少的主要原因。在晚春进行的有控制的枯死植被焚烧、家庭垃圾处理和建筑工作都是造成繁殖地丧失的原因。因此,在过去的十年中,大多数当地的田凫种群数量下降,有些种群已经完全灭绝。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Anthropogenic or ecological trap: what is causing the population decline of the Lapwing Vanellus vanellus in Western Ukraine?
Abstract Ecological and anthropogenic traps exist and exert a negative effect on Lapwing populations. We believe that an anthropogenic trap is a partial or delayed manifestation of an ecological trap. In recent decades Lapwing communities have shown higher affiliation with urban landscapes, which negatively influences breeding success and the overall density of the species. It appears that the Lapwing has fallen into an anthropogenic trap, which in Ukraine is represented by agricultural landscapes. The decline in the Lapwing population is mainly caused by high intensity of agriculture, overgrazing, desolation of agricultural lands, changes in the water regime of rivers and lakes, global forestation, increasing disturbance by recreational activity and tourism, and an increase in the distribution and number of predatory mammals. Controlled burns of dead vegetation performed in late spring, household waste disposal, and construction work all contribute to the loss of breeding grounds. As a result the majority of local Lapwing populations declined during last decade, and some populations have gone completely extinct.
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