巴基斯坦司法独立:对第18、19号宪法修正案的分析

R. Ali
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引用次数: 1

摘要

世界各地都有民主国家。在民主国家,民选官员代表人民作出集体决定。一个国家的人民可以通过独特的制度,如定期选举、自由参政的权利、普遍的成人选举权,来调节他们选出的官员。同样,新闻自由也是如此。在民主得到保障的国家,政府机构(行政、司法和立法机构)在个人和集体领域运作,履行其宪法职责。每个人都与这些重要机构有直接关系,尤其是司法机构。在违反义务或公民权利的情况下,当事人向国家行政机关提出申诉。司法独立是保障国家公民权利的必要条件。有了司法独立,公民就有了平等的权利。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Independence of Judiciary in Pakistan: An analysis of 18th & 19th Constitutional Amendments
Democracies exist all over the world. In democratic states, elected officials make collective decisions on behalf of the people. People of a state are allowed to regulate their elected officials by unique institutions such as regular elections, the right to free political participation, universal adult suffrage. Similarly, the freedom of the press. In the state where democracy is assured, government agencies (executive, judiciary, and legislature) operate in individual and collective domains to fulfil their constitutional responsibilities. Every person has a direct relationship with these critical institutions, especially the judiciary. The parties' grievances are filed with the state's administrative body in the event of a violation of duty or citizens' rights. Judicial independence is essential for the state's citizens' rights to be protected. If there is judicial independence, there will equal rights for the citizens.
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