3.1 Assessment of GNSS based equipment in the context of AEBS based on the UNECE R152

For safety-critical systems in the automotive industry the assessment of all sensors and systems is mandatory using calibrated measurement equipment. In the last decade GNSS based sensors are used in a variety of applications starting in the context of information, merging to commercial and now entering safety critical applications. With the pan-European emergency call 112 eCall for the first time a regulation specified mandatory requirements for performance and assessment of GNSS based systems were defined. This trend progresses with new requirements in other areas like EETS and smart tachograph (see implementing regulation EU 2021/1228 [1]) in which the usage of GNSS based systems has become mandatory Similar concepts are specified in the field of driving assistance and automated driving, like the UNECE R152[2]. Conformity to such defined requirements is assessed by notified entities in this context. The calibration of measuring instruments is an essential prerequisite for the reliability of testing (see metrological traceability ISO 17025[3]). Since the observations of GNSS based reference measuring instruments are not directly traceable to SI units and accordingly cannot be calibrated through accredited calibration schemes, an ISO 17025[3] conform assessment, validation and qualification of the reference measuring systems must be performed instead of calibration. For this purpose, NavCert has developed a test procedure for the assessment of GNSS reference receivers based on existing standards. The respective test scheme replicates for the calibrations the assessment of performance values for GNSS based equipment. The process is presented for exemplary assessing values in the area of time, position, speed and distance with certain devices. As an outlook, currently discussed further use cases and systems are briefly presented.