A new optimal delay and energy efficient coordination algorithm for WSAN

Wireless sensor and actor networks require efficient coordination mechanisms to perform reliable actions in the physical world. In this paper, an energy and delay aware three-level coordination mechanism is proposed for wireless sensor and actor networks using two-level hierarchical k-hop clustering algorithm. An optimal number of actors are calculated based on the network area and number of sensors. In the first level, sensors form a k-hop cluster by placing actor nodes as a cluster heads. In the second level, sink acts as the cluster head and forms a cluster among actors. A coordination mechanism among sensors and actors is also proposed based on their characteristics. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, it is simulated in NS2 and compared with existing algorithms. Simulation results reveal that the proposed algorithm outperforms the existing algorithms in various QoS parameters such as energy, delay and packet delivery ratio.