J. Gorzelik
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引用次数: 0

摘要

来自北方的风:以卡托维兹的前皇家建筑工艺学校(Königliche Baugerwerkschule)及其装饰为例的海玛特的论述建筑本文考察了1901年开放的上西里西亚卡托维兹的前建筑工艺学校(Baugewerkschule)及其装饰。建筑、绘画和雕塑作品被解释为话语的载体,旨在构建位于普鲁士西里西亚省边界内的Heimat。建筑的形式让人想起德国北部的砖砌哥特式建筑,是汉诺威理工学院的特色,这座建筑的设计师就是在这里接受教育的。这座城市的盾形图案被描绘在正面,礼堂的拱形天花板上装饰着斯堪的纳维亚起源的龙和鹰头狮图案,墙壁上画着圣海德维格的形象——西里西亚的守护神,在这里被视为这片土地的非专业化的人格化——普鲁士鹰,以及四个历史悠久的西里西亚建筑的标志性纪念碑。因此,他们提到了不同层次的身份——地方的、地区的、国家的,以及神话中的日耳曼北方。以这种方式构建的叙事符合德国受过教育的资产阶级(bildungsbrgertum)的文化民族主义,这种民族主义源于浪漫主义传统。与此同时,强调南北对立可以被视为一种战略,以克服西里西亚在东西方轴心组织的世界中的边缘地位。学校在卡托维兹的建筑体现了德意志帝国的精英如何使用视觉手段来构建现代想象社区。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Wiatr z Północy. Dyskursywne konstruowanie Heimat na przykładzie gmachu dawnej Królewskiej Szkoły Rzemiosł Budowlanych w Katowicach i jego wystroju
Wind from the North: The Discursive Construction of Heimat Exemplified by the Edifice of the Former Royal School of Building Crafts (Königliche Baugerwerkschule) in Katowice and its Decoration The paper examines the edifice of the former school of building crafts (Baugewerkschule) in Katowice, Upper Silesia, which opened in 1901, and its decoration. The works of architecture, painting and sculpture were interpreted as carriers of a discourse calculated to construct Heimat, located within the borders of the Prussian Silesian Province. The building’s forms, reminiscent of the brick Gothic of northern Germany, were characteristic of the milieu of the Technische Hochschule in Hannover, where the designers of the edifice were educated. The city’s coat of arms was depicted on the facade, the vaulted ceiling of the auditorium was decorated with dragon and gryphon motifs of Scandinavian origin, and its walls painted with images of St. Hedwig ‒ the patron saint of Silesia, viewed here as a deconfessionalized personification of the land ‒ the Prussian eagle, and four iconic monuments of historic Silesian architecture. Thus, references were made to various levels of identity ‒ local, regional, national, and the mythologised Germanic North. The narrative constructed in this way fits into the cultural nationalism of the educated German bourgeoisie (Bildungsbürgertum), which grows out of the Romantic tradition. At the same time, the emphasis on the opposition of the North and South can be seen as a strategy for overcoming the peripheral status of Silesia in a world organised by the West-East axis. The school’s building in Katowice exemplifies how the elites of the German Empire used visual means to construct modern imagined communities.
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