Hutsulshchyna NNP地区真菌和类真菌生物的研究历史以及安全、保护和原位、迁地、重新原位环境措施在保护其多样性中的作用

M. Pasailiuk
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摘要

介绍了胡苏什奇纳国家自然公园真菌和类真菌生物研究的年表。信息是基于公园自创建以来的自然编年史。并指出了研究人员在该公园真菌生物转移研究中的贡献。1.01.2022公园真菌名录共有1214种,其中23种被列入乌克兰红皮书。介绍了原位法、非原位法和再原位法的相关信息。原位法的目的是保存真菌及其位置。移地法是通过将真菌引入人工培养中,并在纯培养物中维持真菌菌丝体的活力来表达的。原地法是指在自然条件下对真菌的原生菌株进行繁殖,包括原地繁殖和移地繁殖。描述了在胡苏什奇纳国家公园境内采用原地、移地和重新原地措施对环境的影响。指出了稀有真菌在实验室条件下生长方法的发展。解释了由于重新定位技术和真菌在真菌学生殖区域的系统结果,减少了稀有真菌灭绝的威胁。保护真菌和蘑菇类生物的某些法律方面在“稀有真菌物种保护、保存和繁殖计划”中有描述,该计划由NNP“Hutsulshchyna”科学和技术委员会批准。提出了建立珍稀菌种保护区的问题。简要介绍了胡苏什奇纳国家公园的大型菌群。纯培养标本13株7种,植物标本室及湿制剂标本175份。指出了这些藏品的重要科学教育作用,指出了它们进一步运作的主要目的,以及在儿童、青少年和成人中普及科学研究的方法和结果。指出了科学成果与为社会创造有利的经济环境之间的联系。在引入新的娱乐服务——真菌治疗途径和商业化种植可食用的、稀有的、药用上受欢迎的真菌新品种方面,可能取得了积极的成果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The history of research of fungi and fungi-like organisms on the territory of the Hutsulshchyna NNP and the role of security, protection and the environmental measures by in situ, ex situ, re situ in conserving their diversity
The chronology of researches the fungi and fungi-like organisms on the territory of the Hutsulshchyna National Nature Park is described. Information is bases on the Chronicles of Nature of the Park since the time of it creation. The contribution of researchers in the study of the fungal biodiversion of the Park is noted. 1.01.2022 List of fungi of the Park counts 1214 species, of which 23 species are included in the Red Book of Ukraine. The information about in situ, ex situ and re situ methods are represented. In situ method aims the preservation of fungi and their localities. Ex situ method is expressed by introduction into artificial culture of fungi and maintenance of viability of fungal mycelium in collections of pure cultures. Re situ method is expressed by reproduction of aboriginal strains species of fungi in their natural conditions, involving in situ and ex situ practice. The environmental effect of using in situ, ex situ and re situ measures on the territory of Hutsulshchyna National Park is described. The development of growing methods for rare species of fungi in laboratory conditions is pointed. Reducing the threat of extinction of rare fungi due to re-situ technology and systematic fruiting of fungi at the mycological reproductive areas is explained. Certain legal aspects of protection of fungi and mushroom-like organisms are described within the "Program of protection, preservation and reproduction of rare species of fungi", approved by the Scientific and Technical Council of NNP "Hutsulshchyna". The question of creating the protection zones for rare species of fungi is outlined. The collections of macromycetes of Hutsulshchyna National Park are briefly described. The collection of pure cultures numbers 7 species of 13 strains, the collection of herbarium and wet preparations numbers 175 specimens. The important scientific and educational role of the collections is noted, the main purpose of their further operation is marked, as well as the methods and results of popularization of scientific researches among children, youth and adults. The connection of scientific achievements with the creation of a favorable economic climate for the community is indicated. Probably positive results of introduction of new recreational services - fungi therapy routes and commercial cultivation of new species of edible, rare, pharmaceutically popular species of fungi are marked.
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