Analysis of the scientific production on renewable energies within the framework of sustainability in Mexico

With the turn of the 20th century to the 21st, the urgent need to carry out a critique of the current techno-energy pattern, which is based on the intensive use of fossil fuels, becomes more evident. Derived from this productive, energy and material consumption of gas and oil, the conditions have been generated for the configuration of an environmental crisis. In such a way that, there is an urgent need to carry out research that explores the various alternative sources of energy that today appear as an alternative to reduce the negative impact of industrial, agro-industrial and urban activities on the environment. This paper reflects on the problems that exist in Mexico around the development and marginal adoption of renewable energies as a productive source. While 91.2% of energy in Mexico is produced by burning fossil fuels, it can be established that the energy structure in Mexico is unsustainable. For this reason, a change in energy thinking based on efficiency and sustainability is required, considering both as axes for the use of renewable energies. The goals of the article are: 1) to present a context study, analyzing the production of electrical energy with fossil sources in Mexico, alluding to the difficulty of the transition towards the use of renewable energies. Second, the production of renewable energies in the country is analyzed to find out if investment in them is sustainable.