表观遗传学

E. Hookway, N. Athanasou, U. Oppermann
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引用次数: 0

摘要

表观遗传学是一个术语,指的是在细胞分裂过程中控制基因表达和信息传递的各种机制的集合。在许多癌症中,表观遗传过程是紊乱的,导致肿瘤抑制基因的不适当沉默和癌基因的过度表达。在本章中,DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码rna的主要表观遗传过程的分子机制将在其正常生理作用和癌症背景下进行描述。理解不同表观遗传机制之间相互作用的复杂性和我们目前知识的局限性的挑战将被强调。针对紊乱的表观遗传过程的治疗方法也将被描述,例如使用组蛋白去乙酰化酶的小分子抑制剂。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Epigenetics
Epigenetics is a term that refers to a collection of diverse mechanisms that are important in both the control of gene expression and the transmission of this information during cell division. Epigenetic processes are deranged in many cancers, leading to a combination of inappropriate silencing of tumour suppressor genes and overexpression of oncogenes. In this chapter, the molecular mechanisms that underpin the major epigenetic processes of DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs will be described in both their normal physiological roles and in the context of cancer. The challenge of understanding the complexity of the interactions between different epigenetic mechanisms and the limitations of our current knowledge will be highlighted. Therapeutic approaches towards targeting deranged epigenetic processes will also be described, such as the use of small molecule inhibitors of histone deacetylases.
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