Dual-tariff PV energy system — An alternative to PV energy system in Malaysia

Dual-tariff PV energy system was introduced to maneuver the lower tariff rate at off-peak period and to reduce the capital installation cost of PV energy system. In this paper, the system configuration, architecture and operation of the dual-tariff PV energy system are described and discussed. A 2.4 kW prototype system has been developed and run 24-hours to supply the load. Meteorological and electrical data was collected and prove the successful of such system. The system is expected to reduce 89% of electricity bill with estimated COE of RM3.813/kWh. It is hoped that the dual-tariff PV system can serve as an alternative implementation of standalone PV energy system.