运用混合式教学技术对中国学生进行英语和俄语教学

A.S. Vertyanova, S.N. Arziutova, M.A. Ermoshina
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In a higher education system, blended learning is understood as a form of education in which training is conducted in both the traditional fulltime form and using distance-learning technologies. English is not a native language for both sides of the learning process neither for the student nor for the teacher, what complicates the learning process. There is a difficult question of taught language material authenticity and teacher's appropriate behavior model becomes relevant. The problem of finding effective approaches to learning becomes acute in a situation of interaction of languages and cultures, in other words, the implementation of intercultural communication, when there is no a single intermediary language. The peculiarities of the mentality of representatives of the root - isolating languages, the traditions of the Far Eastern culture in relation to education create additional difficulties in communication between foreign students and Russian teachers. It is necessary not only to rely on linguistic and cultural traditions to adjust Chinese students' motivation in learning English, but using traditional and innovative methodological tools. To build a successful process of teaching Chinese students a foreign language (English and Russian), it is compulsory to determine their level of foreign language proficiency. It is recommended to use students' native language of when teaching, in particular, English. This principle means to teach students with the fullest possible consideration of the characteristics of the native language of students. It is considered, that to identify the main difficulties in memorizing educational material for each contingent of students is possible only as a result of comparing the corresponding phenomena in two languages. 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引用次数: 3

摘要

新冠肺炎疫情对全球高等教育部门产生了影响。总的来说,大流行影响了高等教育的国际化,因为大多数大学都面临着为大流行期间留在留学国和(或)回国的外国学生组织后勤和提供教育过程的问题。各大学一直致力于寻找吸引外国学生和为他们组织培训的新形式,因此重新考虑与外国合作伙伴在开发和实施联合教育项目方面的合作。《联邦国家高等教育标准》明确了在教育过程中采用互动式、主动式教学方法的要求。随着高校向网络教育的转型,“混合式学习”的概念越来越受欢迎,相关研究也在不断深入。“混合式学习”被认为是学习外语中最流行和最有效的技术之一,它允许教师和学生尽可能有效地规划时间,使语言学习过程令人兴奋和容易,培养非专业技能,包括批判性思维,团队合作,创造力等。如今,“混合式学习”是高等教育机构的关键竞争优势之一。本文界定了“混合式学习”的本质和结构,指出了中国学生在英语和俄语教学中存在的困难,并提出了实施“混合式学习”的方法。在高等教育系统中,混合式学习被理解为以传统的全日制形式和使用远程学习技术进行培训的一种教育形式。无论是对学生还是对老师来说,英语都不是学习过程中双方的母语,这使学习过程变得复杂。教学材料的真实性是一个难题,教师恰当的行为模式与之相关。在语言和文化相互作用的情况下,寻找有效的学习方法的问题变得尖锐,换句话说,在没有单一中介语言的情况下实施跨文化交际。孤立语言代表的心理特点,远东文化在教育方面的传统,给外国学生和俄罗斯教师之间的交流造成了额外的困难。不仅需要依靠语言和文化传统来调整中国学生学习英语的动机,而且需要使用传统和创新的方法工具。要建立一个成功的中国学生外语(英语和俄语)教学过程,必须确定他们的外语水平。建议在教学时使用学生的母语,特别是英语。这一原则意味着在教学时尽可能充分考虑学生母语的特点。人们认为,只有通过比较两种语言的相应现象,才能确定每一类学生在记忆教育材料方面的主要困难。最有效的教学辅助材料是基于对所要学习的语言的科学描述,并与学生母语的平行描述进行仔细比较。如果学生懂得俄语,就有可能用它来更好地理解英语。教师可以专注于俄语和英语中出现的相同单词,以更快地学习新材料。俄语和英语的语言比较方法可以更有效地向学生传达新的信息,因为它将基于俄语的现有知识。本文介绍了在中国学生英语和俄语教学中实施“混合式学习”技术的经验。这篇文章的作者定义了“混合学习”技术,描述了教授外国学生俄语和英语的方法,确定了开放教育中心“普希金中心”在与中国学习俄语的外国学生合作时的作用,并分析了一项研究的结果,以确定使用混合学习技术的有效性。学生学习和调查的参数为:对所学语言的兴趣、交际能力的提高、词汇量的增加、对所学语言国家的知识的扩充、阅读活动的加强、语音技能的提高、语法技能的提高。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Using the technology of blended learning in teaching students from China English and Russian languages
COVID-19 pandemic has impacted a higher education sector on a global scale. In general, the pandemic has affected the internationalization of higher education, as most universities have faced the issues of organizing logistics and providing the educational process for foreign students, who stay in the country of studying during the pandemic and(or) return home. Universities have focused on finding new forms of attracting foreign students and organizing training for them, so there was a reconsideration of work with foreign partners on the development and implementation of joint educational programs. The Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education has fixed the requirement for the use of interactive and active methods in the educational process. The concept of 'blended learning' is gaining popularity with the transition of universities to online education, and relevant research is deepening. `Blended learning' is considered as one of the most popular and effective technologies in learning a foreign language and allows to plan teachers' and students' time as efficiently as possible, make the language learning process exciting and accessible, develop nonspecialized skills, which include critical thinking, teamwork, creativity and many others. Today, 'blended learning' is one of the key competitive advantages of higher education institutions. The article defines 'blended learning' essence and structure, identifies the difficulties of teaching students from China while teaching English and Russian, and also offers some methods of implementing 'blended learning'. In a higher education system, blended learning is understood as a form of education in which training is conducted in both the traditional fulltime form and using distance-learning technologies. English is not a native language for both sides of the learning process neither for the student nor for the teacher, what complicates the learning process. There is a difficult question of taught language material authenticity and teacher's appropriate behavior model becomes relevant. The problem of finding effective approaches to learning becomes acute in a situation of interaction of languages and cultures, in other words, the implementation of intercultural communication, when there is no a single intermediary language. The peculiarities of the mentality of representatives of the root - isolating languages, the traditions of the Far Eastern culture in relation to education create additional difficulties in communication between foreign students and Russian teachers. It is necessary not only to rely on linguistic and cultural traditions to adjust Chinese students' motivation in learning English, but using traditional and innovative methodological tools. To build a successful process of teaching Chinese students a foreign language (English and Russian), it is compulsory to determine their level of foreign language proficiency. It is recommended to use students' native language of when teaching, in particular, English. This principle means to teach students with the fullest possible consideration of the characteristics of the native language of students. It is considered, that to identify the main difficulties in memorizing educational material for each contingent of students is possible only as a result of comparing the corresponding phenomena in two languages. The most effective teaching aids are materials based on a scientific description of the language to be studied, carefully compared with a parallel description of the students ' native language. If students know the Russian language, it would be possible to use it to understand English better. The teacher can focus on the same words that occur in both Russian and English languages to learn new material faster. Russian and English language comparison methods can be used to convey new information to students more effectively, as it will be based on existing knowledge of the Russian language. This article presents the experience of implementing 'blended learning' technology when teaching students from China English and Russian languages.The authors of the article define 'blended learning' technology, describe the methodology of teaching foreign students Russian and English languages, identify the role of the center for open education 'Pushkin Center' when working with foreign students from China studying Russian, and also analyze the results of a study to identify the effectiveness of the use of mixed learning technology. The parameters of students' study and survey were the following: interest in the language being studied, communication skills improvement, increase in vocabulary, knowledge expansion about the country of the language being studied, strengthening of reading activity, phonetic skills improvement, grammatical skills improvement.
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