糖尿病患者健康相关乐观主义与生活质量:尼日利亚样本中临床因素的调节作用

U. O. Simon
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摘要

本研究考察了合并症的严重程度和治疗依从性作为糖尿病患者健康相关乐观主义和生活质量之间联系的背景调节因子。本研究采用横断面调查设计,对伊巴丹市两家大医院的糖尿病患者进行问卷调查,收集数据。采用多阶段抽样技术,选取385名参与者进行研究。样本男性232人,女性153人,平均年龄64.69岁,标准差为10.56。结果显示,治疗依从性和健康相关乐观主义的第一模型解释了11.94%的糖尿病患者生活质量方差,而交互项的R2显著变化为3.45%。结果表明,健康相关乐观正向预测治疗依从性最佳时的生活质量(β=2.0295;p.05)。同样,第二种共病严重程度和健康相关乐观主义模型解释了糖尿病患者生活质量差异的9.30%;而交互作用项对R2的影响为3.45%。结果表明,当共病严重程度高时,健康相关乐观正向预测生活质量(β= 0.6746;P < 0.01)或低(β=3.6161;p < . 01);然而,后者所记录的效果比前者更高。强调并讨论了研究结果的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Health-Related Optimism and Quality of Life among Diabetes Patients: the Moderating Role of Clinical Factors in a Nigerian Sample
This study examined severity of comorbidity and adherence to treatment as contextual moderators in the link between health-related optimism and quality of life among diabetic patients. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design in which questionnaires were used for data collection from diabetic patients in two major hospitals within the Ibadan metropolis. A multistage sampling technique was employed in selecting a sample of 385 participants for the study. The sample consisted of 232 males and 153 females with a mean age of 64.69 years, and a standard deviation of 10.56. Results showed that the first model of treatment adherence and health related optimism explained 11.94% of the variance in quality of life among diabetes patients, while the interaction term accounted for a significant change in R2 by 3.45%. The results implied that health related optimism positively predicted quality of life when treatment adherence was optimum (β=2.0295; p<.01); while there was no influence of health related optimism on quality of life when treatment adherence was poor (β=.2126; p>.05). Similarly, the second model of comorbidity severity and health related optimism explained 9.30% of the variance in quality of life among diabetes patients; while the interaction term accounted for a significant change in R2 by 3.45%. The result implied that health related optimism positively predicted quality of life when severity of comorbidity was high (β=.6746; p<.01) or low (β=3.6161; p<.01); however, a higher effect was recorded at the latter than the former. Implications of the results were highlighted and discussed.
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