Mathematical modelling of a glucose-insulin system for type 2 diabetic patients in Chad

In this paper, we focus on modelling the glucose-insulin system for the purpose of estimating glucagon, insulin, and glucose in the liver in the internal organs of the human body. A three-compartmental mathematical model is proposed. The model parameters are estimated using a nonlinear inverse optimization problem and data collected in Chad. In order to identify insulin and glucose in the liver for type 2 diabetic patients, the Sampling Importance Resampling (SIR) particle filtering algorithm is used and implemented through discretization of the developed mathematical model. The proposed mathematical model allows further investigation of the dynamic behavior of hepatic glucose, insulin, and glucagon in internal organs for type 2 diabetic patients. During periods of hyperglycemia (i.e., after meal ingestion), whereas insulin secretion is increased, glucagon secretion is reduced. The results are in agreement with empirical and clinical data and they are clinically consistent with physiological responses.