Research on the Bionic Non-Smooth Nozzle for High-Pressure Jet Grouting Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics

In the practical engineering, high-pressure jet grouting (HPJG) has been widely used for reinforcing the soil mass and preventing seepage in the many different fields. Nozzle is the crucial component for HPJG, its hydraulic characteristics determine the working efficiency of HPJG directly. The bionic non-smooth technology is applied to design the nozzle’s internal structure. According to the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to compare the hydraulic characteristics of the normal nozzle and the bionic non-smooth nozzle, comparing the values of impact forces of high-pressure cement-slurry jets impact on the soil mass surfaces ejected by them, the value of bionic non-smooth nozzle is 17.05 N bigger than the normal nozzle. The relevant results show that the bionic non-smooth nozzle has better hydraulic characteristics. In addition, the grooves with equal intervals on the inner walls make the nozzle with a non-smooth surface. Moreover, the opposite rotational vortexes in the grooves on the inner walls of the bionic non-smooth nozzle are the main reason for increasing efficiency and reducing energy consumption. Keywords—High-pressure jet grouting; bionic non-smooth; nozzle; CFD