Practical Application of Ontologies

This article discusses the scope of computer ontologies. A classification of the main problems is given, for the solution of which it is advisable to use the ontological approach. Examples of the use of ontologies in various fields of human activity related to knowledge-based systems are given. The scope of application of computer ontologies  is discussed in this article . A classification of the main problems is given, for the solution of which it is advisable to use the ontological approach. The areas of application of ontologies  are identified as following: Designing knowledge-oriented systems, which refers to the creation, development, implementation, interaction with users of such objects as knowledge bases, databases and data warehouses. Besides, the same area includes the integration of existing information repositories, even with a very different data structure. Knowledge management (decision making systems).The usage of  the ontological approach allows  to raise information management technologies to a new level: to introduce the technology of providing explanations to the user about the management process, which can reveal the essence of the situations and their causes, as well as to justify the proposed action scenarios. That is, to provide human-machine dialogue that allows  to communicate in a natural language. Semantic technology of information search and the ability to build search results using ontological classifiers. This use of ontologies enhances the relevance and continentity of search results. It provides contextual search capabilities, making the most of the natural language vocabulary display. Classification tasks: the classification structure (taxonomy) is an integral part of any ontology, we can talk about the presence of ontology elements in special classifications and indexing systems (for example, in library classification codes). Support for linguistically oriented information technologies, that is, providing solutions to complex text processing tasks by organizing a system of interactions of various levels of text processing, including the ontological level associated with the construction of a semantically adequate model of the subject area and various linguistic levels associated with linguistic properties and relations of subject objects area. Support for transdisciplinarity, namely the formation of common conceptual spaces, providing an adequate understanding of the information exchanged by experts in various fields of human activity. Examples of using ontologies in various spheres of human activity related to systems based on knowledge, such as education, the creation of the Semantic Web, etc are given.