A Survey on Authentication in Satellite Internet

Satellite Internet is a promising technology that provides global connectivity and has attracted widespread attention from both industry and academia. However, the open nature of wireless communication links renders Satellite Internet vulnerable to signal spoofing and illegal access attacks. Authentication has been recognized as an effective countermeasure to these attacks. Therefore, this paper presents a comprehensive survey of existing authentication schemes in Satellite Internet for the first time. We categorize existing authentication schemes into two main scenarios, i.e., the Satellite-based Communication (SATCOM) system and the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) scenario. We further divide the literature in the SATCOM scenario into five sub-categories and that in the GNSS scenario into two sub-categories. Finally, we discuss the challenges that existing authentication schemes are facing and will face and further present some future research directions.