使用冶金渣作为采石场空腔回填材料的理由

V. Bondarenko, O. Filonenko, M. Petlovanyi, V. Ruskykh
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摘要

目的。高炉渣和炼钢渣与露天矿水直接接触时相互作用的试验研究及矿床开采过程中形成的人工空腔充填体积的评价。方法。在分析的基础上,确定了目前我国冶金渣水平偏低,缺乏真正有效的规模化利用方向。采用实验室研究冶金渣与露天矿水在一定相互作用时间内的相互作用,采用普遍接受的研究水中物质化学组成和浓度的方法,采用计算机辅助设计软件包和图纸确定露天矿采空区的体积。结果。研究了在一定比例和一定时间下,钢渣与露天矿水相互作用产物的动态变化规律。结果表明:水与炼钢渣接触后,污染物浓度随相互作用时间呈多项式依赖关系变化,在第30天呈下降趋势,消除了对含水层的危害。建议采用最安全的冶金渣类型形成充填体底层。详细确定了露天矿采空区的体积,以评价冶金渣充填材料的放置体积。科学的新奇。建立了钢渣回填材料与露天矿水接触的浓度和污染物随相互作用比例和时间变化的多项式模式,科学地证明了钢渣回填材料与露天矿水接触的安全性。现实意义。在鼓风炉堆和炼钢渣的基础上形成回填土块,将能够达到一种环境效果,例如安全处置这些土块,通过采矿复垦技术上受到干扰的土地和恢复该地块的经济价值,以及防止形成新的堆。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
JUSTIFICATION OF THE USE OF METALLURGICAL SLAGS AS A BACKFILL MATERIAL FOR QUARRY CAVITIES
Purpose. Experimental studies of the interaction of blast-furnace and steel-making slags with open pit waters during their direct contact and assessment of the volume of filling of the formed man-made cavities during mining of mineral deposits. Methods. Based on the analysis, the current low level of metallurgical slag and the lack of real and effective directions of their large-scale utilization were determined. The laboratory studies of the interaction of metallurgical slags with open pit water at a certain time of interaction, generally accepted methods for studying the chemical composition and concentration of substances in water, computer-aided design software packages and drawings to determine the volumes of the open pit mined-out area were used. Results. The dynamics of changes in the products of interactions of steel-smelting slags with open-pit waters at a certain ratio and period of interaction was investigated. It was found that the concentration of pollutants upon contact of water with steel-making slag changes according to polynomial dependences on the time of their interaction, decreasing by the 30th day, which eliminates the danger for the aquifer. The safest type of metallurgical slag was recommended for the formation of the bottom layer of the backfill massif. The volumes of the mined-out area of the open pit were determined in detail to assess the volumes of placement of the backfill material based on metallurgical slags. Scientific novelty. The safety of the contact of backfill materials based on steelmaking slags with open pit water was scientifically proven, which is confirmed by the established polynomial patterns of changes in concentrations and pollutants from the ratio and time of interaction. Practical significance. The formation of the backfill massif on the basis of blast-furnace dump and steel-smelting slags will allow achieving an environmental effect, such as their safe disposal as a reclamation of technologically disturbed lands by mining and restoration of the economic value of the land plot, as well as preventing the formation of new dumps.
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