中非生物多样性信息学政策综述:以刚果民主共和国和加蓬为例

Pamela Y. Abbott, A. Tsinda, R. Mugisha
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摘要

生物多样性信息学是一门新兴学科,它处理与地球生物资源有关的数据和信息的收集、整理、分析、预测和传播。本文回顾了与生物多样性信息学相关的政策和立法工具,分为四类:(i)调动生物多样性数据,(ii)标准、协议和工具,(iii)信息学基础设施建设倡议,以及(iv)能力建设、外联和开放获取倡议。对中非地区有关生物多样性数据管理的705份政策、立法和论文(以刚果民主共和国和加蓬为例)进行了荟萃分析。我们使用了许多搜索引擎来查找与本次审查相关的政策、立法和文章。结果表明,尽管在政策制定方面投入了大量的努力,但在生物多样性相关立法的制定和制度的建立方面仍然薄弱。若干因素极大地阻碍了政策的成功实施和执行,这些因素反过来又对生物多样性数据管理构成挑战。除其他因素外,制度框架的弱点包括协调不力、生物多样性保护资金不足、腐败和管辖权冲突。这篇综述的结果表明,刚果民主共和国和加蓬政府需要采取紧急行动,改革有缺陷的生物多样性相关政策和法律工具,确保它们的有效执行,并加强负责生物多样性保护的机构。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Review of Policies for Biodiversity Informatics in Central Africa: Case Studies of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Gabon
Biodiversity informatics is an emerging discipline which deals with the collection, collation, analysis, prediction, and dissemination of data and information related to the earth’s biotic resources. This article is a review of the policy and legislation instruments relevant to biodiversity informatics, grouped in four categories, (i) mobilizing biodiversity data, (ii) standards, protocols, and tools, (iii) informatics infrastructure-building initiatives, and (iv) capacity-building, outreach and open access initiatives. A meta-analysis of 705 documents on policies, legislations and papers about biodiversity data management in Central Africa (Case studies of DRC and Gabon) was conducted. A number of search engines were used to find policies, legislation and articles relevant to this review. Results showed that although significant efforts have been invested in developing policies, the enactment of biodiversity-related legislation and establishing institutions is still weak. Successful implementation and enforcement of policies is greatly impeded by several factors which, in turn, constitute challenges to biodiversity data management. Weaknesses in institutional frameworks are characterized, among other factors, by poor coordination, inadequate funding of biodiversity protection, corruption and jurisdictional conflicts. Findings from this review suggest that the governments of DRC and Gabon need to take urgent action to reform flawed biodiversity-related policy and legal instruments, ensure their effective enforcement and strengthen the institutions in charge of biodiversity conservation.
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