Either Mammon or the Messiah?

Abstract The Jewish Question was one of the central themes in politics in the second half of the nineteenth century in the Netherlands and Germany. By examining the recent historiography on the subject, this article compares the views of Abraham Kuyper and Adolf Stöcker and challenges the general conclusion among researchers that Kuyper turned his back on Stöcker and the Jewish question after 1879. Furthermore, the article explores the ideological (dis)similarities between Kuyper and Stöcker with respect to their theological and political positions on the Jewish question. Finally, the article investigates the way in which Kuyper and Stöcker connected the debate on the Jewish question to the social questions of the day.