RSUs placement using cumulative weight based method for urban and rural roads

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) deployment became a need nowadays in order to improve quality and efficiency of transportation systems. However, an effective distribution of Roadside Units (RSUs) is considered to be one of the main challenges for deployment of roadside networks, especially due to the wide range of influencing factors that can affect the distribution process. Some of these influencing factors are traffic, topological and infrastructure characteristics of the roads and technology used. This paper introduces the Cumulative Weight based Method (CWM) as a solution to the placement problem in the urban, rural and mountainous areas. The CWM gets the weight of each Site of Interest (SoI) and adds the weights of the surrounding neighbors to its weight and considers the highest weight first in the distribution process. The CWM during the current state of development considers working with the radius of RSUs and connectivity requirements. Moreover, it will be influenced by many other factors. The tests conducted on selected areas in Rostock (Germany) and Spiringen (Switzerland) showed: (1) a reduction in the number of SoIs compared to the original number acquired during the scanning process; (2) only the highest priority SoIs are chosen as the best location for an RSU placement; (3) 3D space calculations for distance on mountainous areas gave a different, more accurate results than 2D space calculations.