针对腐败行犯者的政策与刑事执法:“重新定位的谴责目标”

Hambali Yusuf
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摘要

本文是对腐败谴责目标的重新定位。由此产生的问题是,以监禁为主要刑罚的选举政策不符合刑法在经济领域的目标哲学。刑事制定政策是决定法官执法政策最具战略性的因素。《腐败法》中监禁的制定政策最多是累加罚款或累加替代罚款两种形式。监禁制度存在诸多弊端,学术界和国际机构对其提出了批评。监禁和罚款的有效性非常值得怀疑。EAS的目标需要重新定位,即从监禁的谴责报复目标转向以罚金刑罚偿还国家损失,即优化罚金刑罚。除此之外,还有两个根本原因,一是哲学问题,即监禁的目的应该为各方当事人提供一种正义感,而不是正义感。其次,发现了一个理论问题,即监禁理论无法解释监禁对被定罪者、受害者和社会的好处。有两个结论,监禁政策不能有效地实现谴责腐败的目标,以保护国家免受腐败的经济损失。对犯罪者的监禁和罚款的量刑仍然很低,并不代表作为一种特殊罪行的刑事制裁。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Policy And Criminal Law Enforcement Against The Perpetrators S Of Corruption: “Reorientation Objective Of Condemnation”
This article is a reorientation of the objectives of corruption condemnation.The problem that arises is the imprisonment election policy as the primary penalty which is not in line with the philosophy of criminal law objectives in the economic field.The criminal formulation policy is the most strategically determining the law enforcement policy by judge. The policy on the formulation of imprisonment in Corruption Law Act is at the most , both formulated in cumulative fines or mulative alternative fines penalties. The imprisonment have many weakness, some criticism comes from academic and international institutions.The effectiveness of imprisonment and fines is highly questionable. The objective of EAS needs to be reoriented, which is from the condemnation retaliation objective of imprisonment to the returning the State losses by fines penalty, namely by optimizing fines penalty.In addition there are two fundamental reasons, first, the philosophical issue, that the objective of the imprisonment should provide a justice sense for all the parties, which in turn away from justice sense. econdly, a theoretical problem is found, where the theories of imprisonment cannot explain the benefits of imprisonment both for the convicted, for the victim, and for the society. There are two conclusions, that the imprisonment policy is not effective in achieving the objective of corruption condemnation to protect the State's financial losses from corruption .The sentencing of both imprisonment and fines for the perpetrators are still very low and do not represent criminal sanctions as an extraordinary crimes .
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