人口过剩是爱尔兰的一场社会灾难——从马尔萨斯灾难论的角度分析乔纳森·斯威夫特的《温和的建议》

Spring 2023 Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI:10.54183/jssr.v3i2.266
Maryam Farid, Sulaiman Ahmad, Khushnood Arshad
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引用次数: 0

摘要

托马斯·罗伯特·马尔萨斯提出的马尔萨斯灾难论完美地诠释了爱尔兰悲剧的合理性。要证明爱尔兰是如何陷入马尔萨斯浩劫的,就要证明国王是如何以及为什么剥削爱尔兰人和他们的国家的。通过考察斯威夫特对政府的呼吁,《一个温和的建议》来解决这个问题,并说服读者,爱尔兰的毁灭实际上都是议会的责任,斯威夫特在他的文章中抓住了这一全景。斯威夫特在这篇文学作品中的说法被用来明确说明为什么他认为英国人应该为马尔萨斯的爱尔兰法令负责。此外,本文还探讨了马尔萨斯学说的积极和预防性检查,并将其与斯威夫特在其文章中提出的荒谬解决方案结合起来。对所谓的爱尔兰种族灭绝阴谋作出了公正的判决。斯威夫特的手稿变成了一个尖刻的讽刺,其原因被拆解和篡改。研究人员从其他研究项目、托马斯·马尔萨斯自己的记录以及乔纳森·斯威夫特备受争议的杰作《一个温和的建议》中获得了大量支持,并精心编制了一份按时间顺序排列的证据流,将研究结果包裹在其中。确认的矩阵网格回答了爱尔兰人口激增是如何导致马尔萨斯灾难的,马尔萨斯的检查如何与斯威夫特的可怕解决方案一致,以及为什么他的讽刺解决方案如此令人不安。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Overpopulation as a Social Catastrophe in Ireland: An Analysis of Jonathan Swift’s A Modest Proposal from the Perspective of Malthusian Catastrophe
The validity of Ireland’s tragedies fixes itself perfectly on the theory of Malthusian Catastrophe proposed by Thomas Robert Malthus. To prove how Ireland is driven to the Malthusian havoc rests upon proving how and why the Crown exploits the Irish and their country. That is tackled by inspecting Swift’s appeal to the government, A Modest Proposal, and convinces its audience that the ruin caused in Ireland is all in fact the blame of the Parliament, a panorama that Swift clasps onto in his essay. Swift’s claims from this literary piece are used to make explicit why he thought the British were to be blamed for the Malthusian decree of Ireland. Further, the paper meanders into the positive and preventative checks of Malthus’s doctrine aligning it with the absurd solution Swift presents in his essay. An impartial verdict regarding the so-called Ireland’s genocide conspiracy is dispensed. The reasons why Swift’s manuscript turns out a biting satire is picked apart and fiddled with. The researchers employ mammoth support from other research projects, Thomas Malthus’s own records, and also from the controversial masterpiece of Jonathan Swift’s A Modest Proposal, and have penned down a carefully formulated chronological stream of evidence that wraps in its bearings the results of the research. The matrix grid of confirmations answers how the population surge was caused in Ireland equating in a Malthusian catastrophe, how do Malthus’s checks align with Swift’s grisly solution and why was his satiric solution so unsettling.
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