宇宙钟摆:代表宇宙时钟的开普勒定律

Hans J Fahr
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摘要

詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜(JWST)最近的观测似乎表明,宇宙中结构的形成和行星系统的建立一定已经在大爆炸后0.1亿年的时间里开始了,这一点令人震惊。因此,问题出现了,这些最早的行星系统是否与我们的太阳系在大约4.1亿年之后在类似的条件下产生的?在这篇文章中,我们正在研究这个基本问题,并表明在太阳系起源的背景下,哈勃宇宙膨胀是如何在宇宙亿万年中发展起来的非常重要。如果宇宙膨胀动力学太大,就根本不会产生太阳系,如果太小,太阳系就会在宇宙物质重组后不久产生,但此后就不再产生了。换句话说,在牛顿万有引力定律的帮助下推导出来的开普勒定律,它们是否可能反映出宇宙中不断膨胀的宇宙的变化?如果有,他们会怎么做?在这篇文章中,我们得出结论,牛顿的钟摆或开普勒的行星公转周期实际上代表了一个完美的宇宙时钟,表明宇宙膨胀的实际状态。然而,只有在牛顿的引力常数G像G - R一样随着宇宙的尺度R而变化的情况下,这个时钟才会惊人地与整个宇宙进化同步,而不再是宇宙的示踪器。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The cosmic pendulum: Kepler‘s laws representing a universal cosmic clock
Recent observations of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) seem to show that structure formation and the build-up of planetary systems in the universe already must have started astonishingly enough at a time of 0.1 Gigayears after the Big-Bang. The question thus arises whether these earliest planetary systems did originate under similar conditions as did our solar system about 4.1 Gigayears later? In this article we are looking onto this fundamental problem and show that for the context of the origin of solar systems it very much counts how the Hubble expansion of the universe has developed over cosmic eons. If the cosmic expansion dynamics is too large, no solar systems at all would have been produced, if it would be too small, solar systems would have originated just shortly after the cosmic matter recombination, but not anymore since then. In other words, the Keplerian laws, derivable with the help of Newton‘s gravitational law, would they perhaps reflect the changes in an expanding universe over the cosmic eons? And if yes, - how would they do it? In this article we conclude that in fact Newton‘s pendulum or Kepler‘s planetary revolution periods represent a perfect cosmic clock indicating the actual status of the expanding universe. Only in case, however, that Newton‘s gravitational constant G would vary with the scale R of the universe like G - R, then this clock astonishingly enough would be synchronized for the whole cosmic evolution not serving anymore as a cosmic tracer.
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