Localization encoding in the bulk of physical objects by laser-induced damage

We present an improved method for laser-marking and identification of physical objects and their fragments. Machine-readable codes, carrying object type and local positioning information, are inscribed in sub-surface layers of the object, through local damage (marks) induced by nanosecond laser pulses. The introduced approach implements highly stable and consistent physical recording of information in the volume of concerned objects. Through it secure redundant information encoding required for the reliable identification of objects and their parts in heavy duty environments is successfully implemented.