Molecular studies in Brazilian malacology: Tools, trends and perspectives

The use of molecular tools in Brazilian malacological studies was analyzed. We searched for these molecular tools by screening the annals of malacological events in Brazil and Latin America within the last 15 years. Information was obtained from a Brazilian curricula data bank (curriculum Lattes), which enabled the identification of the main national research groups, their main researchers and research focuses. An estimate of the scientific production on the basis of the analysis of these curricula is also provided. The main techniques and molecular markers employed were indicated. The data showed that these studies were concentrated in institutions in the South and Southeast regions and emphasized gastropods of medical importance. However, molecular studies that examined other gastropods, cephalopods and bivalves were also performed. No research study was found in the Central-West region of the country. The growth of this field of study in the country is expected, considering the molecular studies that have been performed and the great diversity of the molluscan fauna in Brazil. Future molecular studies on some taxa in the country, which have not yet been studied, should be contemplated. The increase in the use of sequencing techniques will help to bridge the gaps in our taxonomic and phylogenetic knowledge, contributing to the studies on biodiversity and conservation. Keywords: Molecular biology, malacology, snail, Brazil, DNA.