肺囊虫性肺炎发生的危险因素:叙述性回顾

Alexandru Daniel Radu, Cristina Teleagă, B. Mahler
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引用次数: 0

摘要

“简介:吉氏肺囊虫是一种真菌病原体,在免疫抑制状况(例如:艾滋病毒感染、癌症、器官移植、炎症或自身免疫性疾病、使用皮质类固醇等免疫抑制剂治疗)的人群中引起称为肺囊虫肺炎(简称PCP)的严重感染,死亡率高。方法:我们在PubMed数据库中检索描述肺囊虫性肺炎发生的危险因素的出版物,不受国家或英语语言的限制。使用以下搜索词:(“肺囊虫”“[Mesh]”)和“肺炎,肺囊虫”“[Mesh]”和“风险因素”“[Mesh]”,为期六年,从2017年到2022年。提取了免疫功能低下和免疫功能正常的患者中由吉罗氏肺囊虫感染的研究类型和临床特征的数据。我们确定了41篇文章,其中11篇被认为是相关的,根据我们的纳入标准,它们是本分析的基础。结论:对相关文献的回顾表明,暴露于以下危险因素的患者:高龄男性为主、经人源性感染的医院传播、因甘露糖结合凝集素(MBL)表达不足而免疫系统低下、终末期肾病(ESRD)患者行CCRTx、同步放化疗或RTx、放疗,并接受免疫抑制药物如:强的松龙(PSL)、钙化磷酸酶抑制剂、肿瘤坏死因子抗tnf -α、硫嘌呤、霉酚酸酯(MMF)和利妥昔单抗有发展为肺囊虫性肺炎的嫌疑,应仔细诊断并通过适当的早期预防进行管理。总之,我们认为在这方面有必要进行更深入的研究。”
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
"THE RISK FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE OCCURRENCE OF PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA: NARRATIVE REVIEW"
"Introduction: Pneumocystis jirovecii is a fungal pathogen that causes a serious infection called Pneumocystis pneumonia - abbreviated PCP - in people with an immunosuppression condition (e.g.: HIV infection, cancer, organ transplant, inflammatory or autoimmune diseases, treatment with immunosuppressants like corticosteroids), with a high mortality rate. Methods: We searched the PubMed database for publications describing risk factors responsible for the occurrence of Pneumocystis pneumonia, without restrictions of country or English language. The following search terms were used: ((""Pneumocystis""[Mesh]) AND ""Pneumonia, Pneumocystis""[Mesh]) AND ""Risk Factors""[Mesh], for a period of six years, between 2017 and 2022. Data on the type of study and clinical characteristics of the infection caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii in immunodepressed and immunocompetent patients have been extracted. We identified 41 articles, of which 11 have been considered as relevant and are the basis of the present analysis according to our inclusion criteria. Conclusions: The review of the literature to this end shows that patients who have been exposed to the risk factors such as: advanced age with a preponderance in men, nosocomial transmission via human contamination, those with an immunocompromised immune system due to the deficiency of Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) expression and end-stage renal disease disease (ESRD) who do CCRTx, concurrent chemoradiotherapy or RTx, radiotherapy and are treated with immunosuppressive drugs such as: prednisolone (PSL), calcineurin inhibitor, tumor necrosis factor anti-TNF-α, thioprine, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and rituximab there is suspicion to developing Pneumocystis pneumonia, should be carefully diagnosed and managed through an appropriate early prophylaxis. In conclusion, in our opinion more deep studies are necessary in this regard."
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