温度对小蜂破滞育、发育羽化的影响(膜翅目,小蜂科)

S. Kamel, M. Osman, M. F. Mahmoud, E. Haggag,, A. Aziz, M. Shebl
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引用次数: 3

摘要

摘要切叶蜂Megachile minutissima Radoszkowski, 1876,是埃及种植用于种子生产的苜蓿的宝贵传粉者。为了控制小密蝇成虫的羽化与苜蓿作物开花时间的预期变化同步,有必要打破蛹前滞育,启动该传粉昆虫的后续发育阶段。在10±0℃的不同冷藏间隔后,通过室内实验来评估30±0.4℃孵育温度的影响。4°C在含有滞育预蛹的松散蜜蜂细胞上,这些预蛹是在前一个季节从人工巢的成功筑巢稻草中获得的。结果表明,破蛹前滞育所需的孵育时间最短,分别为12天和19天,达到蛹期和成虫期。在冷藏152 d时,羽化成虫比例约为60%,随着冷藏时间的延长,羽化成虫比例逐渐下降。与此同时,在2010年所有冷藏期间,出现的成虫比例在40 - 60%之间。结果表明,在10±0.4℃的低温条件下,预蛹在146 ~ 153天的低温条件下,成虫羽化率最高。2009年4月26日和2010年5月4日,细纹田鼠的最高新出率分别为10%和26%和30%和20%。8月、9月和10月是成虫出苗率最低的月份。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Influence of Temperature on Breaking Diapause, Development and Emergence of Megachile minutissima (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae)
Abstract The leafcutting bee, Megachile minutissima Radoszkowski, 1876, is a valuable pollinator of alfalfa grown for seed production in Egypt. In order to control adult emergence of M. minutissima to be synchronized with the expected changes in flowering times of alfalfa crop, breaking the prepupal diapause to initiate the subsequent developmental stages of this insect pollinator is necessary. Laboratory experiments were conducted to estimate the influence of incubation temperature at 30 ± 0.4 °C after different intervals of cold storage at 10 ± 0. 4 °C on loose bee cells containing diapaused prepupae, which were obtained during the previous season from the successful nesting straws of the artificial nests. Results indicated that the shortest incubation time required for breaking prepupal diapause was about 12 and 19 days to reach the pupal and adult stages, respectively. The percentage of emerged adults was about 60 % at 152 days cold store, and gradually decreased with the increase of cold storage periods in 2009. Meanwhile, the percentage of emerged adults ranged between 40–60 % at all cold storage periods in 2010. Moreover, the results indicated that the optimal period of cold storage at 10 ± 0.4 °C for diapaused prepupae in their loose cells should be between 146 to 153 days, where the maximum rate of adult emergence was occurred. The maximum rate of newly emerged males and females of M. minutissima was recorded at 10 % and 26 % in April 26, 2009 and 30 % and 20 % in May 4, 2010, respectively. However, the minimum rate of adult emergence was occurred in August, September and October months.
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