Personalized and adaptive navigation based on multimodal annotation

Although much effort is spent in developing navigation systems for pedestrians, many users with special needs are mostly excluded due to a lack of appropriate geographical data such as landmarks, waypoints, or obstacles. Such data is necessary for computing suitable routes because the best route might not be the shortest or fastest one. In this paper, the concept of multimodal annotation of geographical data for adaptive and personalized navigation is described. Direct input by the user is combined with data derived from the observation of the user's LOM-Modality (Location, Orientation, Movement) to annotate geographical data. Based on this data and data åderived from other users of the same user group, suitable routes even in unknown territory can be calculated.