Disseminated Tuberculosis with Poncet’s Disease Masquerading as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus – A Case Report

Tuberculosis (TB) rheumatism (Poncet’s disease) is defined as a polyarthritis associated with extrapulmonary TB in which there is no evidence of bacteriological involvement of the joints. We report a case of 21-year-old female whose initial clinical and laboratory investigations were suggestive of inflammatory arthropathy. The case was complicated by weak anti-nuclear antibody positivity of anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (+) antibodies, suggestive of systemic lupus erythematosus. However, after clinical examination and investigations, the patient was diagnosed as a case of disseminated TB with Poncet’s disease. The patient was started on anti-tubercular treatment and showed improvement at the end of 1st month of treatment. The case highlights that Poncet’s disease should be considered as one of the differentials while dealing with cases of unexplained or prolonged arthralgia.