多租户SaaS应用程序的持续发展:一种可定制的动态适应方法

Fatih Gey, D. Landuyt, W. Joosen, V. Jonckers
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引用次数: 11

摘要

在软件即服务(SaaS)产品中应用应用程序级多租户可以产生许多引人注目的好处:在大量客户组织之间共享应用程序的单个实例可以提高成本效率,并允许SaaS提供商获得真正的规模经济效益。然而,这有一个主要的缺点:资源共享的增加导致在初始开发和部署之后很难在不影响服务连续性的情况下修改SaaS应用程序:任何更改都可能影响向所有注册的租户组织及其最终用户承诺的服务级别。这种刚性是一个关键的障碍,因为现在SaaS提供商必须在运行时以每个租户为基础逐步发展和维护SaaS产品。这反过来又导致了单个组件的多个共存版本的现实,并因此引入了大量的管理复杂性。为了应对这些挑战,本文提出并定义了一些关键需求,这些需求允许在多租户SaaS应用程序的上下文中实现每个租户、支持sla的逐步升级。此外,我们还定义了一种方法,该方法允许相关的利益相关者(租户、SaaS运营商、SaaS开发人员等)自定义动态的升级实施,并提供了许多替代软件升级策略,这些策略代表了不同的服务质量权衡。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Continuous Evolution of Multi-tenant SaaS Applications: A Customizable Dynamic Adaptation Approach
Applying application-level multi-tenancy in Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) offerings yields a number of compelling benefits: sharing a single instance of the application between large numbers of customer organizations increases cost efficiency and allows the SaaS provider to attain true economies-of-scale benefits. There is however a main downside to this: increased sharing of resources causes the SaaS application to be very difficult to modify after initial development and deployment without affecting service continuity: any change potentially affects the service levels promised to all enrolled tenant organizations and their end users. This rigidity is a key impediment as now the SaaS provider must evolve and maintain the SaaS offering at run time, on a gradual, per-tenant basis. This in turn causes a reality of multiple co-existing versions of individual components and as such introduces substantial management complexity. To address these challenges, this paper motivates and defines key requirements that allows per-tenant, SLA-aware and gradual upgrades in the context of multi-tenant SaaS applications. In addition, we define an approach that allows the involved stakeholders (tenants, SaaS operators, SaaS developers, etc.) to customize the dynamic enactment of upgrades, and provide a number of alternative software upgrade strategies that represent different service quality trade-offs.
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