Cancer Cell Detection using 2D Photonic Crystal

In this paper a fast, efficient and accurate method for the detection of a cancerous cell using Two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal is proposed. Photonic crystal has many advantage of small size, portability, low cost, high sensitivity and accuracy. The detection of cancer cell is based on the fact that the refractive index of cancer cells differ from normal cells in human body. This difference in refractive index can be observed using optical techniques in 2D photonic crystal. The detection mechanism consists of shift in reflection or transmission coefficient on different wavelength, when a sample of cell is placed in to 2D photonic crystal structure with defect and this shift is different for different types of cancer cells. This helps in interpreting the type of cancer efficiently. For analysis of different cancer cells, refractive index of cancer cells have been taken instead of refractive index of air in the structure. This paper analyzes the shift in wavelength for various cancer cells such as PC12, Basal, Jurkat, Cervical, MCF-7, MDA-MB 231 with the help of grating structure, structure with defect and double ring structure. Finite Element Method based simulation tool, COMSOL Multiphysics has been used for analysis and results are presented in the form of reflection coefficient vs wavelength for various cancer cells.