7. 基本粒子

G. Cottrell
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引用次数: 0

摘要

《基本粒子》介绍了包括反物质在内的物质的基本组成部分,并描述了如何用大约20种不同的量子场来理解世界。大多数正常物质的质量可以用这些量子场中的能量来解释。只有少数几种基本粒子构成了这个世界:夸克、轻子和力粒子,它们出现在粒子物理学的标准模型中。基本粒子通过与无处不在的希格斯场相互作用而获得质量,但普通物质质量的主要来源来自核子内部夸克和胶子场的能量。标准模型是科学的一项巨大成就,但它并不完整。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
7. Fundamental particles
‘Fundamental particles’ introduces the ultimate building blocks of matter, which include antimatter, and describes how the world can be understood in terms of around twenty different quantum fields. Most of the mass of normal matter can be explained by the energy in these quantum fields. Only a handful of elementary particles make up the world: quarks, leptons, and the force particles, which appear in the Standard Model of Particle Physics. The elementary particles get their masses by interacting with the all-pervasive Higgs field, but the dominant source of the mass of ordinary matter comes from the energy of the quark and gluon fields inside nucleons. The Standard Model is a towering achievement of science, but it is not complete.
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