与旅游和旅行有关的欧盟服务贸易分析

G. Gorina, Yu. H. Bocharova, Y. H. Kryzhyminska
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目标。本文的目的是强调欧盟国家与旅游和旅行相关的对外服务贸易发展的主要趋势。为了实现既定的任务和目标,在工作中使用了以下研究方法:系统和复杂的分析,计算和分析(确定与欧盟旅游和旅行相关的对外服务贸易发展的关键趋势),图形和表格方法(用于统计材料的可视化)。结果。概述了欧盟旅游政策的主要原则,旨在保持欧洲作为主要旅游目的地的地位,同时最大限度地提高旅游业对经济增长和就业的贡献,并促进欧盟国家之间的合作,特别是通过交流最佳实践。利用联合国贸易和发展会议、世界贸易组织和世界旅游组织的数据,对2016-2018年欧盟国家旅游相关服务外贸进行了分析,揭示了主要趋势,即:1)欧盟国家旅游相关服务的主要出口国为西班牙、法国、英国、意大利和德国;2)欧盟国家中,罗马尼亚、葡萄牙、芬兰、斯洛文尼亚和波兰的旅游相关服务出口额增幅最大;3)欧盟旅游相关服务进口大国中,德国、英国、法国、意大利和西班牙居首;4)罗马尼亚、克罗地亚、保加利亚、西班牙和塞浦路斯是欧盟国家旅游相关服务进口增幅最大的国家;5)与旅游和旅行有关的服务外贸营业额占主导地位的欧盟国家是德国、英国、法国、西班牙、意大利;6)西班牙、意大利、法国、葡萄牙和奥地利是欧盟国家中与旅游和旅行相关的服务贸易顺差最大的国家;7)欧盟国家中与旅游和旅行相关的服务贸易的最大负平衡是瑞典、荷兰、比利时、英国和德国。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN TRADE IN SERVICES RELATED TO TOURISM AND TRAVEL IN THE EU
Objective. The objective of the article is to highlight the key trends in the development of foreign trade in services related to tourism and travel in the EU countries. Methods. To achieve the set tasks and goals, the following research methods are used in the work: systematic and complex analysis, computational and analytical (to identify key trends in the development of foreign trade in services related to tourism and travel in the EU), graphic and tabular methods (for visualization of statistical material). Results. The main principles of the EU tourism policy are outlined, aimed at maintaining Europe’s position as a leading tourist destination while maximizing the industry’s contribution to growth and employment, as well as promoting cooperation between EU countries, in particular through the exchange of best practices. The analysis of foreign trade in services related to tourism and travel in 2016–2018 in the EU countries, using the data of the UN Conference on Trade and Development, the World Trade Organization, the World Tourism Organization, revealed the key trends, namely: 1) key exporters of services related to tourism and travel in the EU are Spain, France, Great Britain, Italy, and Germany; 2) the largest increase in the volume of exports of services related to tourism and travel in the EU countries was recorded in Romania, Portugal, Finland, Slovenia, and Poland; 3) the leaders among the countries-importers of services related to tourism and travel in the EU are Germany, Great Britain, France, Italy, and Spain; 4) the largest increase in the volume of imports of services related to tourism and travel in the EU countries was recorded in Romania, Croatia, Bulgaria, Spain, and Cyprus; 5) EU countries that dominate in foreign trade turnover of services related to tourism and travel are Germany, Great Britain, France, Spain, Italy; 6) the largest positive balance of foreign trade in services related to tourism and travel among the EU countries was recorded in Spain, Italy, France, Portugal, and Austria; 7) the largest negative balance of foreign trade in services related to tourism and travel among the EU countries was recorded in Sweden, the Netherlands, Belgium, the United Kingdom, and Germany.
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