由SAR绘制洪水图:可能的方法来减轻由于雷达信号不明确造成的误差

N. Pierdicca, L. Pulvirenti, M. Chini, G. Boni, Giuseppe Squicciarino, L. Candela
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引用次数: 13

摘要

最新一代合成孔径雷达(SAR)系统可以为应急管理人员提供具有极高空间分辨率的近实时洪水地图。近实时洪水检测算法通常搜索低后向散射的区域,因此假设洪水在SAR图像中显示为深色。众所周知,这种假设并不总是正确的。例如,在城市地区,涉及地面和垂直墙壁的双重反射后向散射产生高雷达回波,而高反射洪水的存在会进一步增加这种回波。此外,即使是测绘裸露或几乎没有植被的被淹没的地形,或完全被水淹没的作物,也可能是一项艰巨的任务。事实上,如果有大风使水面变得粗糙,洪水在SAR图像中会显得很亮。本文提出了在城市地区和大风条件下利用SAR数据进行洪水制图的可能策略。特别是,提出了在城市地区使用干涉相干性进行洪水探测和使用能够模拟浅水雷达回波作为风场函数的电磁模型。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Flood mapping by SAR: Possible approaches to mitigate errors due to ambiguous radar signatures
The latest generation of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems allows providing emergency managers with near real time flood maps characterized by a very high spatial resolution. Near real time flood detection algorithms generally search for regions of low backscatter, thus assuming that floodwater appears dark in a SAR image. It is well known that this assumption is not always valid. For instance, in urban areas, the double bounce backscattering involving ground and vertical walls produce high radar return that can be further increased by the presence of the highly reflective floodwater. In addition, even mapping bare or scarcely vegetated inundated terrains, or crops totally submerged by water can turn out to be a difficult task. In fact, in the presence of significant wind that roughens the water surface, floodwater can appear bright in SAR images. This paper proposes possible strategies to cope with flood mapping using SAR data in urban areas and in the presence of significant wind. In particular, the use of the interferometric coherence for floodwater detection in urban areas and the use of an electromagnetic model able to simulate the radar return from shallow water as function of the wind field are proposed.
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