《亚马逊第三条路倡议:技术在揭示热带生物多样性经济潜力中的作用》

I. Nobre, C. Nobre
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引用次数: 24

摘要

在过去的二十年里,关于亚马逊发展的争论一直在试图调和两种截然相反的土地使用观点之间进行着争论:一方面,为了保护目的而留出大片亚马逊森林的愿景(下文称为第一种方式),另一方面,寻求“可持续的”资源密集型发展,主要是通过农业/畜牧业、能源和采矿(下文称为第二种方式)。从2005年到2014年,巴西亚马逊森林砍伐的减少(减少了约75%)为构思一种新的可持续发展模式打开了机会之窗:亚马逊第三条路倡议(A3W)。它可以代表一个新的机会,既可以保护亚马逊生态系统以及作为其守护者的土著和传统人民,同时通过第四次工业革命(4IR)的物理、数字和生物技术利用自然的价值,在亚马逊地区发展一个充满活力、社会包容的生物多样性驱动的“绿色经济”。从制药到能源、食品、化妆品、材料和交通等许多行业,第四次工业革命技术正越来越多地利用这些资产,并创造利润。A3W解决了如何将第四次工业革命的好处引入亚马逊地区,以创建生物产业和当地发展,同时保护森林。在过去的二十年里,关于亚马逊发展的争论一直在试图调和两种截然相反的土地使用观点之间进行着争论:一方面,为了保护目的而留出大片亚马逊森林的愿景(下文称为第一种方式),另一方面,寻求“可持续的”资源密集型发展,主要是通过农业/畜牧业、能源和采矿(下文称为第二种方式)。从2005年到2014年,巴西亚马逊森林砍伐的减少(减少了约75%)为构思一种新的可持续发展模式打开了机会之窗:亚马逊第三条路倡议(A3W)。它可以代表一个新的机会,既可以保护亚马逊生态系统以及作为其守护者的土著和传统人民,同时通过第四次工业革命(4IR)的物理、数字和生物技术利用自然的价值,在亚马逊地区发展一个充满活力、社会包容的生物多样性驱动的“绿色经济”。从制药到能源、食品、化妆品、材料和交通等许多行业,第四次工业革命技术正越来越多地利用这些资产,并创造利润。A3W解决了如何将第四次工业革命的好处引入亚马逊地区,以创建生物产业和当地发展,同时保护森林。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Amazonia Third Way Initiative: The Role of Technology to Unveil the Potential of a Novel Tropical Biodiversity-Based Economy
Abstract For the last two decades, the Amazon development debate has been torn between attempts to reconcile two rather opposing views of land use: on one hand, a vision of setting aside large tracts of the Amazon forests for conservation purposes (referred hereafter to as The First Way) and, on the other hand, seeking a ‘sustainable’ resource-intensive development, mostly through agriculture/livestock, energy and mining (referred hereafter to as The Second Way). The decrease of Brazilian Amazon deforestation from 2005 to 2014 (about 75% decline) opens a window of opportunity to conceive a novel sustainable development paradigm: The Amazonia Third Way initiative (A3W). It can represent a new opportunity emerging to protect the Amazon ecosystems and the indigenous and traditional peoples who are their custodians and at the same time develop a vibrant, socially inclusive biodiversity-driven ‘green economy’ in the Amazon by harnessing Nature’s value through the physical, digital and biological technologies of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR). 4IR technologies are increasingly harnessing these assets across many industries from pharmaceutical to energy, food, cosmetics, materials and mobility, and making profits. A3W addresses ways to channel to the Amazon the benefits of the 4IR for the creation of bio-industries and local development as it protects the forests.For the last two decades, the Amazon development debate has been torn between attempts to reconcile two rather opposing views of land use: on one hand, a vision of setting aside large tracts of the Amazon forests for conservation purposes (referred hereafter to as The First Way) and, on the other hand, seeking a ‘sustainable’ resource-intensive development, mostly through agriculture/livestock, energy and mining (referred hereafter to as The Second Way). The decrease of Brazilian Amazon deforestation from 2005 to 2014 (about 75% decline) opens a window of opportunity to conceive a novel sustainable development paradigm: The Amazonia Third Way initiative (A3W). It can represent a new opportunity emerging to protect the Amazon ecosystems and the indigenous and traditional peoples who are their custodians and at the same time develop a vibrant, socially inclusive biodiversity-driven ‘green economy’ in the Amazon by harnessing Nature’s value through the physical, digital and biological technologies of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR). 4IR technologies are increasingly harnessing these assets across many industries from pharmaceutical to energy, food, cosmetics, materials and mobility, and making profits. A3W addresses ways to channel to the Amazon the benefits of the 4IR for the creation of bio-industries and local development as it protects the forests.
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