Design and Development of Wideband Dielectric Resonator Antenna for S and C Band Applications

The design and development technique for bandwidth enhancement using star shape dielectric resonator antenna (SDRA) with coaxial feed is presented in this paper for S and C band applications. Presented antenna is implemented by modifying the dimensions of cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (CDRA). Which is inserted by vacuum slot has minimum permittivity that reduces the effective permittivity of DRA, because effective permittivity is inversely proportional to resonant frequency, so that increases the resonant frequency of DRA. The substrate and DR material used for investigation are FR4 and Al2O3, which has a dielectric constant ($\boldsymbol{\varepsilon}_{\mathbf{r}}$) of 4.4 and 9.8 respectively. A centre feed coaxial line is used for feeding purpose to SDRA. Parametric analysis on the antenna is performed using Ansoft HFSS solver by varying different parameter and shape of DR and length of the feed line. Wide fractional bandwidth of 51.20% is achieved by altering the permittivity of SDRA. The simulated graphs shows that the proposed antenna geometry offers a wide band, $\vert \mathbf{S}_{11}\vert < --10\mathbf{dB}$ varying from 3.516 to 5.936 GHz. The proposed antenna is linearly polarized and has many applications in S and C band of wireless communication. The peak and average gain of proposed DRA is 6.42 dB and 4.50 dB simultaneously and bandwidth offered is 2.42GHz.