Factors associated with the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in young adults

Introduction. Non–alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic metabolic disease associated with insulin resistance, with a high potential for progression and increased prevalence among the population of all countries. The search for modifiable factors associated with the development of NAFLD, especially among young people, is an urgent healthcare task. The relationship between vitamin D availability and the high incidence of metabolic disorders in young adults and its contribution to the progression of NAFLD is currently under active discussion.The aim of the work was to reveal the relationship between the components of metabolic syndrome and the level of vitamin D supply in young men with NAFLD.Materials and methods. The study enrolled 123 male patients aged 18−44 years. Two groups were formed: the main group consisted of the patients with NAFLD, the control group − the patients without NAFLD. Anthropometric data were analyzed; blood plasma parameters of lipid metabolism, glucose, insulin, 25(OH)D levels were determined. Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Steatosis and hepatic fibrosis were verified by transient elastometry. The nature and strength of the relationship of the variables were assessed using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient.Results. Significant associations were found between 25(OH)D levels, steatosis scores, liver fibrosis, waist circumference, and NOMA-IR.Discussion. Insufficient vitamin D supply is etiopathogenetically associated with the development of metabolic syndrome (MS) and NAFLD.Conclusion. Low serum vitamin D concentrations are associated with both the severity of hepatic steatosis and components of the metabolic syndrome. Timely detection of vitamin D deficiency and supplementation can reduce the severity of metabolic disorders and progression of NAFLD.