Renal tubular acidosis as one of the causes of urolithiasis.

Introduction. The lithogenesis causes study is extremely important for the surgical treatment tactics determining and for urolithiasis metaphylaxis. Materials and methods. It was used data published in the PubMed databases, the scientific electronic library eLibrary.ru, and on the website of the European Association of Urology. Results. According to modern concepts of the lithogenesis, urolithiasis is a polyetiological and polypathognomonic disease. Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is the most studied tubulopathy leading to stone formation. Present literature review introduce genetic mutations, describes diseases and conditions leading to urolithiasis and RTA. We have given in detail the features of the urolithiasis course in RTA patients. Methods for RTA diagnosing, features of drug therapy and urolithiasis metaphylaxis in RTA patients, and criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of therapy are in a special place in the review. Conclusion. It is important for a practicing urologist to remember that distal RCA may be one of the causes of lithogenesis in patients with recurrent urolithiasis. The main diagnostic criteria are specific changes in the parameters of the biochemical analysis of blood, daily urine, as well as specific indicators of urine pH.