合成孔径卫星雷达在乌克兰战后经济发展中的应用可能性分析

Valerii Yatsenko, Kseniia Mohylna
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引用次数: 0

摘要

卫星合成孔径雷达是一项很有前途的技术。它可以通过环境信息将社会工作提升到一个新的水平。SAR卫星可以长时间地接收到大面积领土的详细信息。随着卫星发射和维护成本的降低以及信息技术和方法的发展,空间机构免费提供卫星数据供SAR卫星应用和研究使用的政策越来越具有现实意义。作为俄乌战争的一部分,乌克兰积极有效地将卫星图像用于情报和国防目的。这样的经验可以成为未来更广泛使用该技术的有利先例。因此,本文的目的是研究乌克兰战后经济发展中利用SAR图像的前景和可能的方向。本文调查了不同国家(特别是印度、危地马拉、中国和法国)的卫星SAR图像用例。考虑了世界和乌克兰SAR成像市场的趋势。根据这些资料,作者概述了SAR卫星应用的有希望的领域以及乌克兰使用这一技术的总体发展情况。本研究采用了分析与综合、归纳与演绎、抽象与概括等研究方法。根据我们的研究结果,世界上SAR的主要应用领域是科学、环境保护、基础设施和军事。鉴于世界政治局势的恶化以及乌克兰在俄乌战争中成功地将SAR图像用于情报和国防目的,军事领域正变得越来越重要。在乌克兰使用合成孔径雷达的另一个结果是为今后在该区域发展合成孔径雷达图象的使用创造了先决条件。研究指出了SAR技术的应用前景,包括军事情报、保险、能源和矿业、农业和公共部门、水文研究、土壤状况监测、城市和基础设施建设等。在我们看来,SAR成像在短期内不会得到广泛的应用,但其市场将在未来几年显著增长。简而言之,SAR可能成为乌克兰评估军事行动造成的破坏,监测领土状况,重建城市和基础设施等的工具。由于SAR成像市场目前正在积极发展,乌克兰独特的经验可以帮助它成为市场的主要参与者之一,这将有助于乌克兰战后经济的密集发展。然而,使用SAR的成功经验还不足以使乌克兰在这个市场上取得成功。乌克兰在这一领域的成功将需要对使用SAR图像的机会和挑战进行更专门的研究。进一步研究的主要课题是卫星SAR数据处理方法的改进、SAR图像时间序列的处理与分析,以及区域层面SAR在基础设施和环境监测领域的实际应用实验。SAR图像研究的实际意义是显而易见的,因为在军事行动中,使用SAR卫星数据已经显示出其作为探测敌方装备和防御工事集中手段的有效性。因此,乌克兰在这一领域的进一步发展将使国家机构和大企业能够收集有关乌克兰领土上的物体和过程的大型数据集。这将使我们能够客观地评估战争造成的破坏程度,并优化重建被占领领土的办法。随后,SAR技术的发展可以帮助乌克兰有效监测农业、土壤、森林和水资源的状态和动态,预警和应对自然灾害,监测城市发展和基础设施状况等。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
ANALYSIS OF THE POSSIBILITIES OF APPLICATION OF SYNTHETIC APERTURE SATELLITE RADARS FOR THE POST-WAR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE
Satellites with synthetic aperture radars are a promising technology. It can raise society to a new level of work with information about the environment. SAR satellites can receive detailed information about large areas of territory for a long time. Due to the decrease in the cost of launching and maintaining satellites, the development of information technology and methods, the policies of space agencies to provide satellite data for the free use of SAR satellite applications and their research are becoming more and more relevant. As part of the Russian-Ukrainian war, Ukraine actively and effectively uses satellite images for intelligence and defense purposes. Such experience can become a favorable precedent for the wider use of this technology in the future. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to study the prospects and possible directions of using SAR images in Ukraine for its post-war economic development. The article investigates the use cases of satellite SAR images in different countries (in particular, India, Guatemala, China, and France). Considers the trends of the SAR imaging market in the world and Ukraine. Based on this information, the authors have outlined promising areas for SAR satellite application and the general development of the use of this technology in Ukraine. The research used such research methods as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, abstraction, and generalization. According to the results of our research, the main areas of SAR application in the world are scientific, environmental protection, infrastructural and military. The military sphere is becoming more and more relevant given the aggravation of the political situation in the world and the successful use of SAR images by Ukraine for intelligence and defense purposes in the Russian-Ukrainian war. Another revealed consequence of the use of SAR in Ukraine is the creation of prerequisites for the future development of the use of SAR images in this region. Research has singled out promising areas of application of SAR technology, namely: military intelligence, insurance, energy and mining industry, agricultural and public sectors, hydrological research, soil condition monitoring, and urban and infrastructure development. In our opinion, SAR imaging will not gain widespread use in the short term, but its market will grow significantly in the coming years. Shortly, SAR may become a tool for Ukraine to assess the destruction caused by military operations, monitor the state of the territory, rebuild cities and infrastructure, etc. Since the SAR imaging market is actively developing now, Ukraine's unique experience can help it establish itself as one of the main players in the market, which will contribute to the intensive post-war economic development of Ukraine. However, the successful experience of using SAR is not enough for a successful position of Ukraine in this market. Ukraine's success in this area will require a more specialized study of the opportunities and challenges of using SAR imagery. The main topics of further research are the improvement of satellite SAR data processing methods, SAR image time series processing, and analysis, and experiments on the practical application of SAR at the regional level in the areas of infrastructure and environmental monitoring. The practical significance of SAR image research is obvious since the use of SAR satellite data has already shown its effectiveness as a means of detecting concentrations of enemy equipment and fortifications during military operations. Therefore, the further development of Ukraine in this area will allow state institutions and big businesses to collect large data sets about objects and processes on the territory of Ukraine. This will make it possible to objectively assess the amount of destruction caused as a result of the war and optimize the approach to the reconstruction of the de-occupied territories. Later, the development of SAR technologies can help Ukraine effectively monitor the state and dynamics of agriculture, soils, forests, and water resources, warn and respond to natural disasters, monitor the development of cities and the state of infrastructure, etc.
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